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1 | |
It is easier to create a computer system to handle inventory because: |
| | A) | Everyone already understands inventory. |
| | B) | Inventory items are physical items. |
| | C) | The computer can easily keep track of item numbers and quantity sold. |
| | D) | You can use COBOL. |
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2 | |
In an expert systems situation, the need for speed arises: |
| | A) | If simple or moderately complex decisions are made hundreds or thousands of times. |
| | B) | If a situation presents a set of symptoms. |
| | C) | If workers learn the business rules of their job while using the system. |
| | D) | If many situations use the same basic inputs. |
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3 | |
The common characteristic of a diagnostic situation is that: |
| | A) | There is only one right answer. |
| | B) | There can be more than one right answer. |
| | C) | You are faced with a set of symptoms and you need to find the cause. |
| | D) | The cause is dependent on the answer. |
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4 | |
The area that causes most problems when you are creating expert systems is: |
| | A) | Using LISP and Prolog. |
| | B) | Finding the correct shell. |
| | C) | Finding a cooperative expert who understands and can explain the problem. |
| | D) | Gaining the confidence of the users. |
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5 | |
The two ways to create an expert system are: |
| | A) | To hire a programmer, or use a commercial ES shell. |
| | B) | Buy a prepackaged solution, or hire a programmer. |
| | C) | Use a commercial ES shell, or learn LISP. |
| | D) | Hire a programmer, or learn Prolog. |
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6 | |
According to the text, when creating an expert system, management faces the usual issues of: |
| | A) | Money, teamwork, and management understanding. |
| | B) | Management support, financial support, programming resources. |
| | C) | Programming resources, management support, evaluating and controlling the project. |
| | D) | Defining the problem, communication between users and designers, and evaluating and controlling the project. |
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7 | |
The primary object of neural networks is to: |
| | A) | Store and recognize patterns. |
| | B) | Store enough data rules to make millions of interconnections. |
| | C) | Learn by examining past data. |
| | D) | Manipulate statistics. |
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8 | |
A/an ______________________ has the limited ability to "learn" by examining past data. |
| | A) | Neural network. |
| | B) | Expert system. |
| | C) | DDS. |
| | D) | Knowledge database. |
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9 | |
A manager must decide where to locate a plant. She must consider many attributes. Which is the least measurable? |
| | A) | Cost of land |
| | B) | Attitude of government officials |
| | C) | Taxes |
| | D) | Distance from suppliers |
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10 | |
The research into techniques that might make computers "think" more like humans is known as: |
| | A) | Expert systems] |
| | B) | Artificial intelligence |
| | C) | Psychology |
| | D) | Diagnostic problems |
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11 | |
The goal of an expert system is: |
| | A) | To aid experts in their decision-making |
| | B) | To train experts |
| | C) | To simulate human thinking |
| | D) | To enable novices to achieve results similar to those of an expert |
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12 | |
Computerized expert systems are designed to: |
| | A) | Solve broad, multi-faceted problems |
| | B) | Narrow, specialized problems |
| | C) | Obscure, nebulous problems |
| | D) | Only simple problems |
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13 | |
Finding the source of delays and identifying causes of defects are examples of: |
| | A) | Artificial intelligence |
| | B) | Speedy decisions |
| | C) | Diagnostic situations |
| | D) | Training |
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14 | |
What is the main difficulty in using a computer system to enforce standards? |
| | A) | Creating a set of rules that accurately describe the decisions and standards |
| | B) | Deciding what the right decision is |
| | C) | Loans, pricing and raises often adhere to inconsistent patterns |
| | D) | Computer maintenance |
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15 | |
What causes the most problems in creating an expert system? |
| | A) | Finding a cooperative expert who fully understands and can explain the problem |
| | B) | Finding the right software |
| | C) | Finding the right hardware |
| | D) | Software is too slow |
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16 | |
What applies new observations to the knowledge base and analyzes the rules to reach a conclusion? |
| | A) | Knowledge engineer |
| | B) | Decision tree |
| | C) | Inference engine |
| | D) | Consensus building |
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17 | |
Organizing data, devising rules, entering criteria into the expert system shell, or supervising programmers are typical duties of a/an: |
| | A) | Knowledge engineer |
| | B) | Decision ranger |
| | C) | Systems administrator |
| | D) | Expert |
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18 | |
Which is not a type of expert system in use today? |
| | A) | Knowledge bases organized by rules |
| | B) | Knowledge bases organized by rows |
| | C) | Knowledge bases organized by frames |
| | D) | Knowledge bases organized by cases |
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19 | |
Rules are often presented as: |
| | A) | if … so … then … statements |
| | B) | if …what …else … statements |
| | C) | what …if … then … statements |
| | D) | if …then … else … statements |
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20 | |
Parts of a knowledge base are often expressed as a/an: |
| | A) | Expert system |
| | B) | Expert systems shell |
| | C) | Decision tree |
| | D) | Decision shell |
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21 | |
Hiring a programmer to write custom software or using commercial ES shell software to evaluate rules are two basic ways to: |
| | A) | Create a decision tree |
| | B) | Create an expert system |
| | C) | Create a knowledge engineer |
| | D) | Create logical rules |
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22 | |
More commonly today, an ES is built from: |
| | A) | A decision tree |
| | B) | A bank loan |
| | C) | C++ |
| | D) | An expert system shell |
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23 | |
When a user enters a "conclusion" and asks the expert system to see if the rules support that conclusion, the process is called: |
| | A) | Forward chaining |
| | B) | Lateral chaining |
| | C) | Backward chaining |
| | D) | Carol chaining |
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24 | |
When the shell traces rules from the data entry to a recommendation, the process is called: |
| | A) | Forward chaining |
| | B) | Lateral chaining |
| | C) | Backward chaining |
| | D) | Carol chaining |
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25 | |
What is probably the greatest difficulty in creating an expert system? |
| | A) | Finding up-to-date software |
| | B) | Determining the logic rules or frames that will lead to the proper conclusions |
| | C) | Writing if… so… else statements |
| | D) | Hiring a knowledge engineer |
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26 | |
If an expert transfers knowledge to an expert system, is there still a need for an expert? |
| | A) | Yes |
| | B) | No |
| | C) | Almost never |
| | D) | It depends on the situation |
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27 | |
How is a knowledge management system different from an expert system? |
| | A) | A KM is designed to store any type of data needed to convey the context of the decision and the discussion involved in making the decision. |
| | B) | An ES is designed to store any type of data needed to convey the context of the decision and the discussion involved in making the decision |
| | C) | A KM is primarily a small database of largely inaccessible data for experts |
| | D) | A KM contains no rules |
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28 | |
Often one of the biggest challenges with KM systems is creating an organizational environment that encourages decision-makers to store their knowledge in the system. There are several reasons. Which of the following is NOT one of them |
| | A) | The system will have little data, initially |
| | B) | The early decision-makers will have to spend a great deal of time organizing their discussions to make the system valuable in the future |
| | C) | The system is often too rigidly structured and consists of a small number of cases |
| | D) | The early decision-makers will also have to spend lots of time creating files and links that will enhance the system's future value |
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29 | |
Humans are noticeably better than computers in six broad areas. Which is not one of them? |
| | A) | Movement |
| | B) | Speech recognition |
| | C) | Vision |
| | D) | Computation |
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30 | |
Humans use pattern recognition … |
| | A) | A few times a day |
| | B) | Hundreds of times a day |
| | C) | Thousand of times a day |
| | D) | Millions of times a day |
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31 | |
The brain is a collection of cells called: |
| | A) | Electrons |
| | B) | Neurons |
| | C) | Synapses |
| | D) | Mitochondria |
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32 | |
Neural networks can be measured in two ways … : |
| | A) | By the size of the individual cells and the number of neurons. |
| | B) | By the number of neurons and the number of interconnections between the individual cells |
| | C) | By the size of the individual cells and the number of interconnections between the individual cells |
| | D) | By the number of interconnections between the individual cells and the speed with which the cells are created |
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33 | |
Mechanical sensors have several advantages over humans. Which of the following is NOT one of them? |
| | A) | Mechanical sensors can more easily compare objects of different sizes |
| | B) | Mechanical sensors do not suffer from fatigue |
| | C) | Mechanical sensors can examine a broader spectrum of light |
| | D) | Mechanical sensors can quickly focus at many different levels |
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34 | |
Today's voice recognition systems can recognize continuous systems with … |
| | A) | 40-50 percent accuracy |
| | B) | 60-70 percent accuracy |
| | C) | 80-90 percent accuracy |
| | D) | 90-95 percent accuracy |
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35 | |
In a famous test of a computer's language comprehension ability, a human judge communicates with a machine and another person in a separate room. If the judge cannot determine which user is the machine and which is a person, the machine should be considered to be intelligent. What is the name of this test? |
| | A) | The Fuzzy Logic Test |
| | B) | The Turing Test |
| | C) | The Speech Test |
| | D) | The Uncertainty Test |
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36 | |
Modern manufacturing relies heavily on robots, and the capabilities of robots continually increase. What is one area that remains troublesome? |
| | A) | Making a machine that can paint items on an assembly line |
| | B) | Making a machine that can navigate through a crowded room |
| | C) | Welding |
| | D) | Performing limited numbers of tasks |
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37 | |
Statistics: |
| | A) | Predict the outcome of any given situation |
| | B) | Enable us to define the concept of uncertainty |
| | C) | Enable us to examine large sets of data and spot patterns and relationships |
| | D) | Both B and C |
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38 | |
Manufacturers from what country in particular have found it easier to design products using fuzzy logic? |
| | A) | United States |
| | B) | Germany |
| | C) | Japan |
| | D) | Mexico |
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39 | |
What is the name for object-oriented programs designed for networks that are written to perform specific tasks in response to user requests? |
| | A) | Database |
| | B) | Process |
| | C) | Decision tree |
| | D) | Agent |
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40 | |
In general, software agents: |
| | A) | Are being hindered by limited standards and the difficulty in creating them. |
| | B) | Have had widespread success |
| | C) | Need not understand the data in order to respond to questions |
| | D) | Are easy to create |
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41 | |
What is NOT an advantage of using an expert system to offer customers personalized attention? |
| | A) | The system can not be offered 24 hours a day |
| | B) | The system can usually solve most of the easy questions |
| | C) | It can be less embarrassing for customers who might think their questions are too silly to ask a human trouble shooter |
| | D) | The system can use the customer's purchase history to recommend future purchases |
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2003 McGraw-Hill Higher Education