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1 | |
A multidisciplinary approach to research in life-span development |
| | A) | encourages a freshness of approach |
| | B) | functions as a stimulus in advancing the frontiers of knowledge |
| | C) | can encourage collaboration |
| | D) | all of the above |
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2 | |
Dr. Jones, a researcher, wishes to explain the specific determinants of a child's change in language. Which statement best represents the type of question she might ask when trying to explain this change? |
| | A) | What is the role of learning in language acquisition? |
| | B) | What is the nature of the speech? |
| | C) | What are the language capabilities of a 6-month-old infant likely to be at 14 months of age? |
| | D) | Can we control this change in language? |
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3 | |
On the basis of previous research, a pediatrician decides to place children diagnosed with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) on a medication regimen including the drug Ritalin. This action is an example of |
| | A) | control over behavioral development |
| | B) | prediction of developmental change |
| | C) | explanation of developmental change |
| | D) | an unethical practice |
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4 | |
A study is being conducted with preteen subjects examining their muscular development as puberty approaches. What domain is this study examining? |
| | A) | physical development |
| | B) | cognitive development |
| | C) | psychosocial development |
| | D) | evolutionary development |
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5 | |
A psychologist's research on the memory strategies used by 7-year-old children is focusing on |
| | A) | maturational development |
| | B) | affective development |
| | C) | psychosocial development |
| | D) | cognitive development |
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6 | |
The fact that in our society more adolescent females are giving birth to babies and becoming single parents before graduating from high school is being studied by psychologists specializing in |
| | A) | physical development |
| | B) | cognitive development |
| | C) | psychosocial development |
| | D) | evolutionary development |
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7 | |
Which scenario illustrates an individual who is experiencing a developmental change in growth? |
| | A) | A 7-month-old infant sits upright without support. |
| | B) | An adolescent grows 6 inches taller over the course of a year. |
| | C) | A young child decides not to touch the hot stove because he was burned when he did this before. |
| | D) | A 12-year-old girl begins to ovulate. |
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8 | |
A developmental psychologist discovers that girls begin menstruating only after they have reached a certain weight, body fat proportion, and height, and after other sexual changes have occurred. This psychologist might reasonably conclude that menstruation is controlled by |
| | A) | learned readiness |
| | B) | growth gradients |
| | C) | maturational factors |
| | D) | ecological factors |
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9 | |
Of the following, which is the more or less permanent modification in behavior that results from the individual's experience in the environment? |
| | A) | developing facial hair |
| | B) | ovulating at age 13 |
| | C) | being able to sit up around 4 months of age |
| | D) | becoming a concert pianist |
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10 | |
Unlike American families one hundred years ago, in many families today the mother works outside the home, and close family relatives may be separated by substantial geographical distances. Developmental psychologists who view development from an ecological approach would explain these changes by referring to the ________ within which today's families exist. |
| | A) | mesosystem |
| | B) | exosystem |
| | C) | macrosystem |
| | D) | microsystem |
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11 | |
An event that impacts only one generation is what type of influence/event? |
| | A) | normative age-graded influence |
| | B) | normative history-graded influence |
| | C) | nonnormative life event |
| | D) | cross-generational life event |
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12 | |
What type of conclusion is accurate concerning the impact of the parental generation on each new generation? |
| | A) | Each new generation gathers more of its parents' cultural history. |
| | B) | New generations typically replicate the views and perspectives of their elders. |
| | C) | New generations are not necessarily bound to replicate their elder's views and perspectives. |
| | D) | Cultural factors are paramount. |
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13 | |
Which of the following best exemplifies age stratification? |
| | A) | A lawyer is granted a personal parking space after being promoted to district attorney. |
| | B) | Adolescents in all cultures reach puberty at relatively the same age. |
| | C) | A 70-year-old woman is respected in her village because of her age. |
| | D) | At 14, a young woman passes her driving test. |
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14 | |
Age operates indirectly as a function of master status in which of the following cases |
| | A) | being eligible to get a driver's license at age 16 |
| | B) | being able to vote |
| | C) | going to college |
| | D) | receiving social security benefits |
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15 | |
Which of the following is acceptable according to social norms? |
| | A) | a 2 year old having a temper tantrum |
| | B) | an adolescent talking "baby talk" to his parents |
| | C) | a 6 year old babysitting her younger siblings |
| | D) | all of the above |
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16 | |
Louis Terman conducted a study in which the intelligence test performance of the same group of children was assessed at different points in their lifetimes. This was a ________ study. |
| | A) | sequential |
| | B) | longitudinal |
| | C) | cross-sectional |
| | D) | time-sampling |
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17 | |
The concept of adolescence as we know it today |
| | A) | is a reflection of children's rights advocacy |
| | B) | is the same all over the world |
| | C) | emerged from changing social, political, and legal forces |
| | D) | is evolving as a longer stage in life |
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18 | |
A psychologist does a study in which she compares the IQ test performance of groups of 30-, 40-, and 50-year-old people. Each group's average score is lower than the preceding group's scores. The psychologist concludes that as people age, their test scores decline. This conclusion may be in error because |
| | A) | this is a longitudinal study |
| | B) | IQ tests are not valid measures of intelligence |
| | C) | you cannot give the same IQ tests to people who vary in age |
| | D) | the different age groups differed not only in age but also in cohort |
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19 | |
A psychologist studies the emotional development of his son Raphael by recording the different ages at which different emotions appear. This research is an example of a(n) |
| | A) | case study |
| | B) | experiment |
| | C) | naturalistic observation |
| | D) | cross-sectional method |
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20 | |
A group of students in a psychology class conduct an experiment in which the influence of an observer's presence on the subject's willingness to help is measured. The observer's presence is the |
| | A) | dependent variable |
| | B) | independent variable |
| | C) | controlled variable |
| | D) | varied variable |
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21 | |
An experimenter is testing the effects of observed violence on children's behavior. One group of children views a violent cartoon. A second group views a humorous nonviolent cartoon. The third group is not exposed to any cartoon. The first group is a(n) |
| | A) | experimental group |
| | B) | control group |
| | C) | comparison group |
| | D) | observational group |
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22 | |
A social psychologist is interested in measuring the attitudes of a group of high school teachers toward including intellectually and emotionally challenged learners in their classrooms. Which type of study would she be most likely to conduct? |
| | A) | an experiment |
| | B) | a naturalistic observation |
| | C) | a survey |
| | D) | a time-series study |
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23 | |
A researcher did a study of children's prosocial behavior. He recorded the incidents in which children responded positively to another child in a preschool setting. The researcher was performing a(n) |
| | A) | experiment |
| | B) | longitudinal study |
| | C) | case study |
| | D) | naturalistic observation |
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24 | |
A researcher wants to use the scientific method to determine the connection between shoe size and IQ. Which of the following steps will give him the most trouble? |
| | A) | drawing conclusions |
| | B) | making the findings available |
| | C) | selecting a researchable problem |
| | D) | formulating a hypothesis |
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25 | |
A developmental psychologist is interested in comparing the attachment level to the parents of children raised on a collective Israel kibbutz with that of children reared in American farm families. This psychologist is using the |
| | A) | cross-sectional method |
| | B) | cross-cultural method |
| | C) | naturalistic observation method |
| | D) | cultural correlation method |
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2003 McGraw-Hill Higher Education