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1 | |
An adoptive mother tells a therapist, "My 2-month-old doesn't show any special preference for me. I think she doesn't love me." Such a declaration indicates that the |
| | A) | child has probably developed maternal deprivation syndrome |
| | B) | mother may abuse the child when the child doesn't satisfy her needs |
| | C) | mother has psychotic tendencies and should be institutionalized |
| | D) | child is demonstrating the first stage of attachment behavior |
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2 | |
You are a first grade teacher. A child in your class arrives at school early and wants to stay after school to help you clean up the room. This behavior may be |
| | A) | the way the child deals with separation anxiety |
| | B) | an indication of secure attachment to the mothering figure |
| | C) | an indicator of recent maternal deprivation |
| | D) | a potential warning sign of child abuse and neglect |
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3 | |
Roxanne's 1-year-old son looks at her for guidance before he allows a photographer to take his picture. When his mother smiles at him, the child remains at ease until the camera flicks. Roxanne's son has demonstrated |
| | A) | specific attachment |
| | B) | person permanence |
| | C) | social referencing |
| | D) | stranger anxiety |
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4 | |
Dionne's baby daughter, Celine, was scolded because she would not share any of her toys with her twin sister. After being reprimanded, her facial expression appeared to convey a look of guilt. According to Izard's differential emotions theory, Celine is likely to be |
| | A) | 4 to 6 weeks |
| | B) | 3 to 4 months |
| | C) | 1 year old |
| | D) | 2 years old |
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5 | |
Your nephew is 8 months old. You are a psychology major interested in assessing his emotional development. You might expect that your nephew will |
| | A) | lift his arms when his mother bends over to pick him up and gurgle when his mother says "Hi" |
| | B) | primarily display either surprise or sadness, particularly if he has never seen you |
| | C) | respond in a stereotypical way toward you even when you change your facial expressions |
| | D) | approach you if you raise your eyebrows and wrinkle your nose |
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6 | |
During the Foster's annual Easter egg hunt, Beth overhears her young son, Matthew, say that he no longer believes in the Easter bunny. According to the Greenspans' stage theory on children's emotional development, Matthew's ability to tell fantasy from reality represents which stage? |
| | A) | stage three |
| | B) | stage four |
| | C) | stage five |
| | D) | stage six |
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7 | |
A 2-year-old will not let his mother out of his sight without expressing rage or anxiety. Erikson suggests that this child |
| | A) | has had a deficient parenting style |
| | B) | has a disposition he was born with |
| | C) | has not resolved issues of trust satisfactorily |
| | D) | has a chemical imbalance in his brain |
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8 | |
Frank's infant son, Albert, usually has a cheerful disposition and is able to adapt quickly to novel situations and people. Alexander Thomas's research on temperament suggests that Albert would be classified as a(n) ________ baby. |
| | A) | passive |
| | B) | slow-to-warm-up |
| | C) | easy |
| | D) | low maintenance |
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9 | |
An infant is more likely to approach, follow, and cling to her mother than to her father. These behaviors indicate |
| | A) | unfocused expression and excitement |
| | B) | a specific attachment |
| | C) | an insecure attachment |
| | D) | arousal by all parts of the environment |
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10 | |
You are concerned because your 8-month-old does not seem to feel distressed when you leave the house. Your sister, who is a full-time homemaker, says that her children showed separation anxiety at 6 months of age. On the basis of research evidence, you might conclude that |
| | A) | because you work, separation is a more common event for your infant, and thus he reacts less to it |
| | B) | your child has probably developed person permanence, whereas your nephews have not |
| | C) | your nephews are showing indiscriminate attachment, whereas your child is showing specific attachment |
| | D) | your child has not been imprinted by a social network of other adults |
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11 | |
Tanya is concerned because her infant son, Marlon, becomes visibly upset, cries loudly, and stops playing with his toys whenever she leaves his room. A developmental psychologist would respond to Tanya's concern by saying that Marlon is expressing a normal tendency for infants termed |
| | A) | indiscriminate attachment |
| | B) | person permanence |
| | C) | stranger anxiety |
| | D) | separation distress |
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12 | |
David placed his infant daughter, Mariah, on the rug so she could crawl around. Mariah became visibly upset, and she started to cry. David picked Mariah up into his arms, she immediately began to smile, then David cuddled her. To suggest that David and Mariah were genetically predisposed for such behavior offers support for which developmental paradigm? |
| | A) | learning perspective |
| | B) | social perspective |
| | C) | ethological perspective |
| | D) | behavioral perspective |
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13 | |
Which of the following statements is consistent with the learning theory view of attachment? |
| | A) | Behaviors that promote proximity are important in the natural selection process. |
| | B) | Attachment develops through the process of socialization, whereby children acquire a need for the presence of the parents. |
| | C) | Parents are genetically predisposed to provide caretaking behavior. |
| | D) | The human face is an innate releasing stimulus for smiling. |
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14 | |
Stephanie and her mother are visiting a friend for the first time. Stephanie plays happily until her mother leaves to get some coffee. She starts to cry but quickly stops when her mother returns. What type of attachment does she have with her mother? |
| | A) | secure |
| | B) | avoidant |
| | C) | resistant |
| | D) | ambivalent |
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15 | |
Pierre is a 1-year-old who is securely attached to his mother. Which of the following statements is the least accurate? |
| | A) | He has received consistent, sensitive, responsive mothering. |
| | B) | Pierre is likely to develop into an unselfish toddler and will acquire normal social skills. |
| | C) | He is likely to develop good cognitive skills. |
| | D) | As he ages, Pierre will lack the ability to care for his younger siblings because he demands too much attention from his mother. |
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16 | |
Dana is out with her father when a woman she does not know approaches them rapidly. Dana starts to cry. Her crying probably signifies |
| | A) | wariness of strangers |
| | B) | attachment to her mother |
| | C) | separation distress |
| | D) | attachment to her father |
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17 | |
Chelsea is 11 months old when her mother drops her off at the local day-care center for the first time. Based on what is known about wariness of strangers, predict how Chelsea would most likely respond upon meeting her new caretaker for the first time? |
| | A) | She will cry because she has achieved the developmental milestone of a "fear of the stranger." |
| | B) | She will become visibly upset because she believes that her mother is abandoning her. |
| | C) | She will cling to her mother and withdraw from looking at the stranger. |
| | D) | She will greet the stranger with acceptance and exhibit friendly responses. |
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18 | |
Alex was raised in an institution until the Romanos adopted him at the age of 4. He will probably |
| | A) | experience no mental deficiency whatsoever |
| | B) | attain a higher IQ score after adoption |
| | C) | attain a normal IQ score after he is reared in a normal family environment |
| | D) | remain unaffected by the processes of institutionalization and adoption |
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19 | |
Your 1-year-old son displays distress when you leave him at the day-care center. Developmental psychopathologists would probably say that |
| | A) | your son will be more likely than other children to have psychiatric difficulties as an adult |
| | B) | your son was displaying the early precursors of a bipolar mood disorder |
| | C) | this behavior was an ethologically significant and normal part of your son's attachment behavioral system |
| | D) | the duration, frequency, and intensity of his behavior would need to be assessed before its significance could be determined |
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20 | |
On a typical day, Vanessa's mother shares mothering with several other individuals, including Vanessa's aunts, grandmothers, older cousins, and neighbors. This illustration of diffused nurturance is termed |
| | A) | maternal deprivation |
| | B) | motherese |
| | C) | secondary mothering |
| | D) | multiple mothering |
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2003 McGraw-Hill Higher Education