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1 | |
Andy is a 6-year-old boy who has had coordination problems since he was a toddler. His parents and school officials are concerned about the impact of his clumsiness because studies seem to predict that Andy |
| | A) | will not enjoy athletics as he ages |
| | B) | will have fewer friends than his coordinated peers |
| | C) | will not achieve as well academically |
| | D) | will seriously injure himself eventually |
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2 | |
You are a first grade teacher, and you give your students a battery of aptitude tests. Their performance on each test is highly correlated with their performance on all their other tests. Therefore you might conclude that your test battery |
| | A) | successfully tapped into the g factor |
| | B) | successfully tapped into the s factor |
| | C) | was not valid because it measures only composite factors |
| | D) | measured primarily mental abilities |
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3 | |
According to the hereditarian position, we would expect the correlation between the IQ scores of two unrelated children living in the same home to be |
| | A) | higher than the correlation of fraternal twins raised in separate homes |
| | B) | about the same as that of unrelated children raised in separate homes |
| | C) | very high, because the same environment causes people to be similar |
| | D) | unpredictable because we know nothing of their biological backgrounds |
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4 | |
There is a positive correlation between the number of bars in a city and the number of churches; that is, as the number of bars increases, so does the number of churches. One would be in error to suggest that an increase in bars causes more churches, or that the churches cause the bars to open. This is because |
| | A) | the correlation coefficient isn't high enough |
| | B) | churches are only associated with activities of high moral standards |
| | C) | the positive correlation doesn't mean causation |
| | D) | all of the above |
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5 | |
Stephen claims that his mother gave his brother a bigger piece of cake than he got. However, Stephen is pacified when his mother cuts his piece in two. He defiantly says to his brother, "Now I've got more." Stephen's statement shows |
| | A) | good perspective-taking ability |
| | B) | sociocentric behavior |
| | C) | associative learning but no conceptual learning |
| | D) | lack of conservation |
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6 | |
A young child sees two rows of pennies and says that each row contains five pennies. When the bottom row is spread out, she says that it has more pennies, which could be considered an example of |
| | A) | centration |
| | B) | encoding |
| | C) | reversibility |
| | D) | metamemory |
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7 | |
When asked what to get Daddy for his birthday, a preoperational child might suggest something like candy or a toy. This is due to the fact that |
| | A) | they are people-oriented |
| | B) | they are egocentric |
| | C) | they are deeply affected |
| | D) | they are altruistic |
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8 | |
Stephanie, 18 months, sees her mother looking out the window. Stephanie goes over and points to a bird outside. She might be demonstrating |
| | A) | non-egocentric behavior |
| | B) | egocentrism |
| | C) | centering |
| | D) | typical sharing |
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9 | |
Christine has just told Michael, her 3-year-old, that they are going to give Daddy a surprise party. When Michael sees his Daddy the day before the party, he shouts, "Are you surprised?!" Michael is exhibiting |
| | A) | altruistic behavior |
| | B) | theory of mind |
| | C) | lack of theory of mind |
| | D) | environmental adaptiveness |
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10 | |
Many current developmental psychologists disagree with Piaget's views that young children have limited understanding of cause and effect. According to these contemporary researchers, which of the following statements would a typical 4-year-old make? |
| | A) | "The street makes the car go." |
| | B) | "If I cry, Mommy will come." |
| | C) | "The moon comes to look at me." |
| | D) | "The river runs because it is happy." |
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11 | |
If intelligence is primarily determined by environmental factors, Kamin would say |
| | A) | fraternal twins will be more similar to one another than regular siblings |
| | B) | fraternal twins raised in differing environments would be more similar to one another than regular siblings |
| | C) | identical twins who were highly intelligent would also be highly creative |
| | D) | more could be done to improve people's abilities through education and social arrangement |
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12 | |
Julie, a 40-year-old woman, is concerned about memory loss because she can only recall bits and pieces of her life up until the 4th grade. After that, she remembers events very clearly. Her neighbor, a psychologist, has told her not to be concerned, as this phenomenon is called |
| | A) | selective recall |
| | B) | childhood amnesia |
| | C) | normal aging forgetfulness |
| | D) | sensory information overload |
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13 | |
Serge is a college student "cramming" for a final exam in psychology (consisting mainly of recognition of terminology and definitions). Although he received an "A" on his exam in May, he is surprised to learn in June that he could not remember the definition of many terms. Serge's retention of information is described as |
| | A) | long-term memory |
| | B) | working memory |
| | C) | focused memory |
| | D) | semantic memory |
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14 | |
A second-grade child realizes that she will have to spend more time studying words she has misspelled than words she can spell correctly. This child is using |
| | A) | sensory information storage |
| | B) | recognition memory |
| | C) | metacognition |
| | D) | metamemory |
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15 | |
A child is trying to remember her new friend's name, and she repeats it over and over. The child is using |
| | A) | rehearsing |
| | B) | metamemory |
| | C) | a clustering form of categorization |
| | D) | a serial ordering form of categorization |
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16 | |
Dee states that she is intrapersonally intelligent. This means she will display |
| | A) | knowledge of how to deal with others |
| | B) | knowledge of how to deal with herself |
| | C) | knowledge of people's minds |
| | D) | knowledge of herself |
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17 | |
According to the theory of mind research, a 3-year-old would not be able to play a practical joke on someone because he or she would not understand |
| | A) | what humor is |
| | B) | that people's actions stem from representations of the world |
| | C) | that the environment is objective reality |
| | D) | cause and effect |
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18 | |
When a child learns to read by engaging in that activity with an adult over time, Vygotsky would say that is an example of |
| | A) | language acquisition device |
| | B) | decentering |
| | C) | zone of proximal development |
| | D) | theory of mind |
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19 | |
When a child says, "Let me see my phone number, so I'll remember it," she is using |
| | A) | metanarrative |
| | B) | metatheory |
| | C) | metacognition |
| | D) | metamemory |
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20 | |
The reason that a young child cannot differentiate between something done accidentally or intentionally is due to |
| | A) | morality based on deception |
| | B) | morality based on perception |
| | C) | morality based on reciprocity |
| | D) | morality based on context |
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2003 McGraw-Hill Higher Education