| ethnic groups | groups that share common cultural norms, values, identities, patterns of behavior, and language
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| ethnic identity | an alternative term to cultural identity, used for the way individuals identify themselves; some see ethnic identity as based on primordial sentiments going back to ancient times, others see it as situational, utilized in some contexts but not in others
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| ethnicity | an alternate term for ethnic identity
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| melting pot | an outdated concept of cultural assimilation that assumed that the United States would receive people from many different cultures and societies and assimilate into the developing American-culture and society
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| multicultural | pluralistic or multiethnic; a discourse that awareness of and respect for different cultural backgrounds, and equal political rights and participation for all minority populations
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| nation | a sovereign political state with a single ethnic group
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| national culture | the language, religion, social forms and political institutions consistent with the dominant ethnic group that emerges to dominate other forms of identity in nation states
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| nation building | the development of a single national culture by a hegemonic group in political control of state, the goal being elimination of regional ethnic cultures
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| nation-state | the term used when both terms, nation and state, apply
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| Orientalist concepts | A perspective articulated by Edward Said that traces the history and impact of Western concepts towards Islamic cultures, as reflected and reified through the influence of domination of scholarship and political relations
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| race | a form of social classification that is perceived as representing a scientific concept based on biological systems of classification; however, racial categories and parameters differ from society to society, which shows that the concept is socially constructed
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| state | a politically autonomous pluralistic entity
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| tribe | an imprecise and outdated term which was used to refer to any cultural grouping with its own language
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2003 McGraw-Hill Higher Education