| affinal links | links between kin groups established by marriage
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| alliance | the creation through marriage of on-going relationships between two different groups
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| avunculocal residence | a newly married couple resides with the groom's mother's brother
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| bilateral cross cousins | cousins that are both father's sister's children and mother's brother's children
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| bilateral society | a society with kindreds but without a unilineal descent group
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| bilocal residence | a newly married couple can live with either the bride's family or the groom's family
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| bride service | the service given by a groom to the family of the bride at marriage
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| bridewealth | the payments made by the groom and his family to the family of the bride at marriage
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| clan | descent group in which the members do not necessarily live in the same place and who believe they are descended from a common ancestor
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| clan totem | an animal that is thought to be the ancestral spirit of a clan
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| cognatic descent | a descent system in which an individual can belong to either their mother's or their father's group
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| collateral relatives | relatives not in the direct line of descent of an individual
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| corporate descent group | a clan or descent group has an existence independent of its individual members and owns property
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| cross cousins | children of mother's brother or father's sister
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| Crow kinship system | kinship terminology system associated with matrilineal descent groups, avunculocal residence, and extended families; the same term may be used for members of different generations
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| delayed exchange | an exchange system wherein the return of a wife is delayed for one generation
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| demonstrated descent | clan for which descent back to the founding ancestor can be demonstrated, or for which lengthy genealogies exist
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| double descent | a descent system in which a person belongs to both the mother's and the father's descent groups
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| dowry | the property a bride brings with her at marriage
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| duolocal residence | a newly married couple live separately from each other with their own kin groups
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| endogamy | marriage within the group
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| Eskimo kinship system | kinship terminology that distinguishes between lineal and collateral relatives, emphasizes individual nuclear families, neolocal residence, kindreds, bilateral descent and the absence of descent groups
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| exogamy | marriage outside the group
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| extended family | several related nuclear families living together in the same household
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| family | people related by kinship to one another
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| fictive kinship | a social relationship not created by biology or by marriage, but in which the individuals involved use kin terms; oftentimes, the relationship is established by ritual observances and crosscuts class divisions
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| fraternal polyandry | the practice of a wife marrying several brothers
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| generalized exchange | a structure of alliance between three (or more) groups in which group A gives wives to group B and group B gives wives to group C and group C gives wives to group A
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| Hawaiian kinship system | kinship terminology in which only generation and gender distinctions are made; associated with cognatic descent groups
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| household | people living together under one roof
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| incest taboo | a rule that forbids sexual relations between certain categories of close relatives
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| Iroquois kinship system | kinship terminology system that distinguishes between father's and mother's sides, differences between lineal and collateral relatives are ignored, generational differences are recognized; is associated with virilocal or uxorilocal residence, extended families, and unilineal descent
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| joint family | an extended family that includes brothers and their wives and children
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| kindred | a kinship "web" from the perspective of one individual, designated as "ego"
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| kinship terminology | a set of terms used to refer to individuals and groups of relatives
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| levirate | the practice of marrying the brother of a deceased husband
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| lineage | a smaller unit within a clan with demonstrated descent
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| lineal relatives | relatives in the direct line of descent, such as grandfather, father, son, grandson, etc.
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| matrilineal descent | descent system whereby a child belongs to his or her mother's clan
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| moiety | social grouping in which the entire society is divided into two halves
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| monogamy | a rule that states that only one spouse at a time is permitted
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| neolocal residence | a newly married couple establishes a new residence after marriage
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| new reproductive technologies | manipulation of egg and sperm to create fertilized eggs and viable fetuses through scientific technology and the use of surrogate mothers and/or genetic donors
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| nuclear family | a family that consists of a husband, wife, and their children
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| numaym | Kwakiutl corporate and cognatic descent group
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| Omaha kinship system | kinship terminology system that is the "mirror image" of Crow; associated with patrilineal descent groups and ignores generational differences in some terms
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| parallel cousins | children of mother's sister or father's brother
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| patrilineal descent | descent system whereby a child belongs to his or her father's clan
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| polyandry | the practice where a wife can have several husbands
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| polygamy | the general term for having several spouses simultaneously
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| polygyny | the practice where a husband can have more than one wife
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| reciprocal exchange | an exchange system whereby two groups exchange sisters over generations; also referred to as sister exchange
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| rules of postmarital residence | rules that state where a newly married couple resides after marriage
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| segmentary lineage system | a descent system in which the genealogy is like a branching tree, extending out to its many twigs via branches and larger limbs; the branching out represents levels of segmentation
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| serial monogamy | a series of monogamous marriages, when there is divorce and remarriage
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| sister exchange | a marriage rule in which two men from different groups exchange their respective sisters as wives
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| sororal polygyny | the practice where a husband marries several sisters
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| sororate | the practice of marrying the sister of a deceased wife
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| stem family | an extended family in which the household is made of parents and one married son and his family
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| stepfamily | a family created by the divorce and remarriage of spouses
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| stipulated descent | presumed descent connections between clan members that cannot be demonstrated by lengthy genealogies
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| subclans | smaller units into which clans may be divided in societies where clans include large numbers of people living dispersed over a wide area
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| Sudanese kinship system | kinship terminology that distinguishes every category of relative, generation, and gender with a different term
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| unilineal descent | a descent system based upon either a patrilineal or a matrilineal rule of descent
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| uxorilocal residence | also known as matrilocal residence; the newly married couple resides with the bride's parents
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| virilocal residence | also known as patrilocal residence; the newly married couple resides with the groom's parents
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2003 McGraw-Hill Higher Education