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Multiple Choice Quiz
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1

The word "religion" is usually interpreted by scholars to mean
A)renewal.
B)worship.
C)reconnecting.
D)belief in a higher power.
E)none of the above
2

Beliefs enacted and made real through ceremonies, certain objects, or specialized locations or buildings define the characteristic of
A)ritual.
B)sacredness.
C)ethics.
D)community.
E)none of the above
3

Familiar term for the sacred reality, particularly in the Western world.
A)monotheism
B)polytheism
C)transcendent
D)God
E)none of the above
4

Many scholars think that religious symbols
A)point to some structure that underlies all religions.
B)account for the origin of religion.
C)have a literal meaning only.
D)are a projection of the fear and insecurity of childhood.
E)none of the above
5

A state of original purity, a battle to fight disorder, a sacrificial death are examples of
A)the sacred.
B)ritual.
C)projected beliefs.
D)symbolic stories of transformation.
E)none of the above
6

One of the three orientations of religions, focusing on rituals and ceremonies as the path to salvation.
A)sacramental
B)prophetic
C)mystical
D)communal
E)none of the above
7

The orientation that seeks union with a reality greater than oneself.
A)sacramental
B)prophetic
C)mystical
D)communal
E)none of the above
8

The orientation that stresses contact with the sacred by proper belief and by adherence to moral rules.
A)sacramental
B)prophetic
C)mystical
D)communal
E)none of the above
9

Religions that emphasize a creation and a history that is limited and unrepeatable conceive time as
A)cyclical.
B)central.
C)linear.
D)peripheral.
E)none of the above
10

Religions that believe the universe simply moves through endless changes that often repeat themselves conceive time as
A)cyclical.
B)central.
C)linear.
D)sacred.
E)none of the above
11

Religions that are inclusive frequently
A)emphasize the sacred as distinct from the world and believe that order must be imposed through separation.
B)gather believers together for elaborate rites and ceremonies.
C)admit many types of beliefs and practices and stress social harmony.
D)worship a sole male deity.
E)none of the above
12

The female divine is sometimes symbolized by
A)daggers and trees.
B)eggs and spirals.
C)long hair and stars.
D)rocks and clouds.
E)none of the above
13

This common approach to religious questions stresses following reason rather than religious authority and tries to fit answers into a systematic whole.
A)mythology
B)psychology
C)archeology
D)philosophy
E)none of the above
14

Nineteenth- and twentieth-century English anthropologist who saw religion as being rooted in worship of ancestors and nature spirits.
A)Rudolf Otto
B)William James
C)E.B. Tylor
D)Wilhelm Schmidt
E)none of the above
15

A Swiss psychoanalyst who described religion as something that grew out of the individual"s need to arrive at personal fulfillment, which he called individuation.
A)Carl Gustav Jung
B)William James
C)E.B. Tylor
D)James Frazer
E)none of the above
16

Scottish anthropologist and author of "The Golden Bough" who saw the origins of religion in early attempts by human beings to influence nature and who identified religion as an intermediate stage between magic and science.
A)James Frazer
B)Rudolf Otto
C)William James
D)Wilhelm Schmidt
E)none of the above
17

Founder of psychoanalysis who theorized that belief in a God or gods arose from an adult's projection of powerful and long-lasting childhood experiences with his or her parents.
A)Rudolf Otto
B)James Frazer
C)William James
D)Wilhelm Schmidt
E)none of the above
18

The belief in many gods.
A)Polytheism
B)Agnosticism
C)Pantheism
D)Monotheism
E)none of the above
19

American psychologist who viewed religion as positive way of fulfilling needs and praised its positive influence on the lives of individuals.
A)James Frazer
B)Carl Gustav Jung
C)E.B. Tylor
D)William James
E)none of the above
20

A worldview common among oral religions (religions with no written scriptures) that see all elements of nature as being filled with spirit or spirits.
A)Agnosticism
B)Monotheism
C)Nontheism
D)Pantheism
E)none of the above
21

German theologian who argued in "The Idea of the Holy" that religions emerge when people experience that aspect of reality which is essentially mysterious.
A)William James
B)Carl Gustav Jung
C)E.B. Tylor
D)Rudolf Otto
E)none of the above
22

Not asserting or denying the existence of any deity; unconcerned with the supernatural.
A)Agnosticism
B)Animism
C)Pantheism
D)Polytheism
E)none of the above
23

The position that holds that the existence of God cannot be proven.
A)Agnosticism
B)Nontheism
C)Pantheism
D)Animism
E)none of the above
24

Existing and operating within nature.
A)Transcendent
B)Benevolent
C)Immanent
D)Decadent
E)none of the above
25

Not limited by the physical world.
A)Transcendent
B)Immanent
C)Benevolent
D)Redolent
E)none of the above
26

The belief in one God.
A)Pantheism
B)Animism
C)Monotheism
D)Nontheism
E)none of the above
27

The belief that reality is made of two different principles (spirit and matter); or the belief in two gods (good and evil) in conflict.
A)Animism
B)Dualism
C)Nontheism
D)Monotheism
E)none of the above
28

The belief that everything in the universe is divine.
A)Nontheism
B)Pantheism
C)Agnosticism
D)Animism
E)none of the above
29

Austrian ethnographer and philologist who argued that all humankind once believed in a single High God and that to this simple monotheism later beliefs in lesser gods and spirits were added.
A)James Frazer
B)William James
C)Wilhelm Schmidt
D)Carl Gustav Jung
E)none of the above
30

The position that holds that there is no God or gods.
A)Nontheism
B)Pantheism
C)Agnosticism
D)Atheism
E)none of the above
31

The French sociologist who argued that religious behavior is relative to the society in which it is found, and that a society will often use a religion to reinforce its own values.
A)William James
B)Wilhelm Schmidt
C)Carl Gustav Jung
D)Emile Durkheim
E)none of the above





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