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1 | |
Social psychology is the scientific study of how people ___________________________, ___________________________, and ___________________________ one another. |
| | A) | understand, feel about, act toward |
| | B) | perceive, think about, act toward |
| | C) | think about, influence, relate to |
| | D) | observe, influence, conflict with |
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2 | |
Most social-psychological research is conducted either in the field or in the ___________________________ and is either correlational or ___________________________. |
| | A) | clinic; survey |
| | B) | laboratory; experimental |
| | C) | laboratory; survey |
| | D) | clinic; experimental |
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3 | |
The great strength of ___________________________ is that it tends to occur in real-world settings where it can examine questions regarding important factors like race, sex, and education. |
| | A) | correlational research |
| | B) | field experimentation |
| | C) | laboratory experimentation |
| | D) | quasi-experimentation |
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4 | |
Which of the following distinguishes the correlational method from experimentation? |
| | A) | the correlational method uses a smaller group of subjects |
| | B) | the correlational method enables researchers to study social attitudes |
| | C) | no attempt is made to systematically manipulate one or more factors with the correlational method |
| | D) | the findings from the correlational method are more likely to be contaminated by the experimenter's values |
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5 | |
To determine whether changing one variable (like education) will produce changes in another (like income), we need to conduct ___________________________ research. |
| | A) | survey |
| | B) | correlational |
| | C) | experimental |
| | D) | statistical |
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6 | |
"Random assignment" means that each person taking part in an experiment must |
| | A) | have an equal chance of being in a given condition in the experiment |
| | B) | be assigned to all the conditions of the experimental treatment |
| | C) | be randomly selected from the larger population |
| | D) | be given random responses to the experimenter's questions |
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7 | |
An experiment has mundane realism if |
| | A) | the experimental task is similar to tasks in everyday life |
| | B) | it involves and absorbs people |
| | C) | it is conducted in the field |
| | D) | the experimenter deceives subjects |
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8 | |
The experimental factor that the experimenter manipulates is called the _______________ variable. |
| | A) | dependent |
| | B) | control |
| | C) | independent |
| | D) | experimental |
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9 | |
In an experiment, the variable being measured is called the __________________ variable. |
| | A) | control |
| | B) | experimental |
| | C) | independent |
| | D) | dependent |
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10 | |
The experimental method is used in about ___________________________ of all social-psychological research studies. |
| | A) | one-fourth |
| | B) | one-half |
| | C) | three-fourths |
| | D) | nine-tenths |
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11 | |
An experiment which absorbs and involves its participants has |
| | A) | mundane realism |
| | B) | content validity |
| | C) | participant involvement |
| | D) | experimental realism |
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12 | |
Which of the following is false according to the text? |
| | A) | experimenters standardize their instructions to subjects to minimize demand characteristics |
| | B) | the American Psychological Association has developed a number of ethical principles to guide investigators |
| | C) | informed consent is an important ethical principle to be followed in conducting research |
| | D) | deception should never be used in conducting research |
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13 | |
Hypotheses |
| | A) | allow us to test the theories on which they are based |
| | B) | give direction to research |
| | C) | both a and b |
| | D) | none of the above is true |
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14 | |
In an experimental study of the effects of failure on self-esteem, self-esteem would be the |
| | A) | control condition |
| | B) | independent variable |
| | C) | dependent variable |
| | D) | experimental condition |
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15 | |
A research psychologist manipulates the level of fear in human subjects in the laboratory and then examines what effect the different levels of fear have on the subjects' reaction times. In this study, reaction time is the _______________ variable. |
| | A) | dependent |
| | B) | independent |
| | C) | correlational |
| | D) | experimental |
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16 | |
You would like to know the relationship between the number of psychology courses people take and their interpersonal sensitivity. You survey college students to determine how much psychology they have taken and then have them complete a test of social sensitivity. Finally you plot the relationship. This is an example of |
| | A) | a laboratory experiment |
| | B) | a field experiment |
| | C) | a correlational study |
| | D) | participant observation |
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17 | |
In conducting a study of conformity, the experimenters decide to tape-record the instructions that are to be presented to all subjects. Their decision is most likely an attempt to minimize the effect of |
| | A) | hindsight bias |
| | B) | mundane realism |
| | C) | naturalistic fallacy |
| | D) | demand characteristics |
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18 | |
Which of the following research methods would be most effective in demonstrating that the presence of others improves our performance of a task? |
| | A) | an experiment |
| | B) | a correlational study |
| | C) | a survey |
| | D) | a field study |
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19 | |
A negative correlation between degree of wealth and the likelihood of being involved in criminal activity would indicate that |
| | A) | poverty makes people more likely to commit a crime |
| | B) | the poor are more likely to be involved in criminal activity than are the wealthy |
| | C) | being involved in criminal activity usually prevents people from accumulating wealth |
| | D) | all of the above are necessarily true |
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