 |
1 | |
During the 1970s, many scholars worried that studies of gender differences might |
| | A) | lead to too much emphasis on correlational research |
| | B) | reinforce gender stereotypes |
| | C) | detract from the study of social influence |
| | D) | increase the conflict between biological and cultural explanations of social behavior |
|
|
2 | |
Men tend to excel as __________ leaders; women tend to excel as ___________ leaders. |
| | A) | laissez-faire; democratic |
| | B) | democratic; laissez-faire |
| | C) | social; task |
| | D) | task; social |
|
|
3 | |
Cross-cultural studies of sexual behaviors indicate that |
| | A) | with few exceptions males are more likely than females to initiate sexual relations |
| | B) | in most societies males and females are equally likely to initiate sexual relations |
| | C) | in societies where females outnumber males, females initiate sexual relations |
| | D) | in third world countries females are more likely than males to initiate sexual relations |
|
|
4 | |
According to Alice Eagly, biology and culture contribute to sex differences in behavior |
| | A) | by influencing the roles people play |
| | B) | by directly determining the personal traits of males and females |
| | C) | through the process of natural selection |
| | D) | by influencing the verbal and nonverbal communication styles of males and females |
|
|
5 | |
In essentially every known society, |
| | A) | there are more male than female physicians |
| | B) | men are more verbally fluent |
| | C) | men are socially dominant |
| | D) | males are responsible for finding enough food to eat |
|
|
6 | |
____________________ is more common in boys than in girls. |
| | A) | Appendicitis |
| | B) | Depression |
| | C) | Empathy |
| | D) | Hyperactivity |
|
|
7 | |
A noticeable difference has not been found between males and females in |
| | A) | happiness |
| | B) | reading others' emotions |
| | C) | suicide rate |
| | D) | frequency of smiling |
|
|
8 | |
According to evolutionary psychologists, which of the following is basic to understanding the development of social behavior? |
| | A) | cultural norms |
| | B) | hormonal factors |
| | C) | natural selection |
| | D) | brain organization |
|
|
9 | |
Research on conversational styles indicates that |
| | A) | men and women's conversational styles vary with the social context |
| | B) | women are more fluent than men |
| | C) | women are more likely to use the active than passive voice |
| | D) | men and women are from different planets |
|
|
10 | |
A set of behavior expectations for males or females is a |
| | A) | gender norm |
| | B) | sex-role preference |
| | C) | gender assignment |
| | D) | gender role |
|
|
11 | |
Compared to college women who expected to meet a sexist male college senior, those women expecting to meet a male who presumably liked strong, ambitious women |
| | A) | demonstrated a confused sense of gender identity |
| | B) | performed more intelligently on a problem-solving task |
| | C) | demonstrated stronger ethnic prejudice |
| | D) | perceived other women as less empathic, competent, and friendly |
|
|
12 | |
According to the text, which of the following is true of biological and cultural influences? |
| | A) | biological and cultural factors are independent of one another |
| | B) | they are contradictory |
| | C) | biology and culture interact |
| | D) | none of the above is true |
|
|
13 | |
Research indicates that _________ are better at reading others' emotions and __________ are better at expressing emotions nonverbally. |
| | A) | women; women |
| | B) | women; men |
| | C) | men; women |
| | D) | men; men |
|
|
14 | |
Research indicates that a gender difference does not exist in, |
| | A) | aggression |
| | B) | sexual attitudes |
| | C) | vocabulary |
| | D) | social dominance |
|
|
15 | |
Acccording to the text, hormonal differences influence the gender gap in |
| | A) | empathy |
| | B) | sexual fantasies |
| | C) | creativity |
| | D) | aggression |
|
|
16 | |
Susan Hendrick and her colleagues' review of attitudes toward casual sex indicated that men are moderately ______________ and women are moderately ______________. |
| | A) | permissive; conservative |
| | B) | conservative; permissive |
| | C) | permissive; permissive |
| | D) | conservative; conservative |
|
|
17 | |
Critics have suggested that evolutionary psychology is characterized by |
| | A) | the base-rate fallacy |
| | B) | counterfactual thinking |
| | C) | hindsight bias |
| | D) | regression toward the average |
|
|
18 | |
The enduring behaviors, ideas, attitudes, and traditions shared by a large group of people and transmitted from one generation to the next defines |
| | A) | social roles |
| | B) | coevolution |
| | C) | ingroup bias |
| | D) | culture |
|
|
19 | |
Evolutionary psychology has greatest difficulty explaining |
| | A) | women's and men's mate preferences |
| | B) | the enormous cultural variation in human marriage patterns |
| | C) | why females have greater emotion-detecting ability |
| | D) | why males exert more sexual initiative than females do |
|
|
20 | |
Who of the following is most clearly showing aggression as defined in the text? |
| | A) | a child tries to hit an adult with a rock |
| | B) | a motorcyclist accidently hits a small child playing in the street |
| | C) | an assertive salesperson interrupts your evening dinner with a telephone sales pitch |
| | D) | a doctor gives a pencillin shot to a child |
|