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1 | |
According to the text, aggression always |
| | A) | causes physical pain |
| | B) | involves intent to hurt someone |
| | C) | involves emotional arousal |
| | D) | is committed by someone who has been deliberately provoked |
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2 | |
Who of the following suggested that aggression is an instinct? |
| | A) | Lorenz |
| | B) | Bandura |
| | C) | Berkowitz |
| | D) | Dollard |
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3 | |
Which of the following has research identified as a biological influence upon aggression? |
| | A) | testosterone |
| | B) | heredity |
| | C) | low blood sugar |
| | D) | all of the above |
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4 | |
Compared to prisoners convicted of nonviolent crimes, those convicted of unprovoked violent crimes tend to |
| | A) | be first-borns |
| | B) | have authoritarian attitudes |
| | C) | be older |
| | D) | have higher testosterone levels |
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5 | |
The text suggests that one reason Vancouver, British Columbia, has a 40 percent lower overall murder rate than Seattle, Washington, is because Vancouver |
| | A) | has a lower average temperature |
| | B) | has a lower unemployment rate |
| | C) | restricts handgun ownership |
| | D) | has a less congested population |
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6 | |
In a revision of frustration-aggression theory, Berkowitz theorized that |
| | A) | frustration produces escape more often than aggression |
| | B) | aggression is learned through a modeling effect |
| | C) | aggressive cues can release bottled-up anger |
| | D) | frustration is instinctive |
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7 | |
Emotional arousal plus anticipated consequences provides the formula for aggression according to |
| | A) | ethological theory |
| | B) | catharsis theory |
| | C) | frustration-aggression theory |
| | D) | social learning theory |
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8 | |
According to Bandura, a social learning theorist, |
| | A) | frustration plays no role in aggression |
| | B) | frustration can arouse us emotionally and make us ready for aggression |
| | C) | the hydraulic model offers the best explanation for aggression |
| | D) | punishment is the best way to reduce aggression |
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9 | |
In studying the capacity of electric shock to elicit attack behavior in rats, Nathan Azrin and his colleagues found that |
| | A) | the shocked animals were choosy about their attack targets and would only attack other animals of the same species |
| | B) | increasing the shock resulted in the rats attempting to escape rather than to attack |
| | C) | as soon as rats felt pain they attacked each other |
| | D) | all of the above were true |
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10 | |
Living three to a room in a college dorm seems to |
| | A) | diminish one's sense of control |
| | B) | lead to the establishment of stronger friendships |
| | C) | lead to more hostile but less instrumental aggression |
| | D) | improve grades because students are more likely to study in the library |
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11 | |
According to the text, the fact that people from Hong Kong feel more fearful on their city streets than do people from Toronto may be due to the fact that Hong Kong |
| | A) | has a higher average temperature |
| | B) | has a lower per capita income |
| | C) | has a higher crime rate |
| | D) | is more densely populated |
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12 | |
Which of the following is true of findings regarding the catharsis concept? |
| | A) | catharsis never occurs |
| | B) | in the long run, expressing anger is more likely to breed anger |
| | C) | the catharsis hypothesis has been well-supported |
| | D) | the catharsis hypothesis is valid for adults but not for children |
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13 | |
According to the text, the statement to a friend, "When you talk like that I feel irritated," |
| | A) | is, by definition, an act of angry aggression |
| | B) | is best unsaid for it will prove frustrating to the friend and invite retaliation |
| | C) | provides an informative, nonaggressive expression of feeling |
| | D) | is best unsaid for while it may prove cathartic for you in the short run, it will make you feel more aggressive in the long run |
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14 | |
Which of the following is not one of social learning theory's recommendations for reducing aggression? |
| | A) | rewarding cooperative, nonaggressive behavior |
| | B) | reducing the availability of weapons |
| | C) | inoculating children against the effects of media violence |
| | D) | punishing aggressive behavior |
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15 | |
Which of the following would be an example of aggression as defined in the text? |
| | A) | a wife deliberately belittles her husband in front of friends after he burns the pot roast |
| | B) | a golfer accidentally hits another player with a golf ball |
| | C) | a nurse gives a penicillin shot to a child |
| | D) | a salesman tops his previous record by selling 50 cars in one month |
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16 | |
A person kicking a cat after losing a game of checkers is an example of |
| | A) | regression |
| | B) | displacement |
| | C) | relative frustration |
| | D) | the weapons effect |
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17 | |
As part of therapy, a clinical psychologist encourages her patients to install a punching bag in their homes to release hostility. The therapist apparently believes in |
| | A) | social learning theory |
| | B) | Parkinson's second law |
| | C) | the catharsis hypothesis |
| | D) | the adaptation-level phenomenon |
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18 | |
The role of models in the acquisition of aggression is emphasized most strongly by _________________ theorists. |
| | A) | psychoanalytic |
| | B) | catharsis |
| | C) | social learning |
| | D) | frustration-aggression |
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