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1 | |
What did Darwin learn from Thomas Malthus's theory of population growth? |
| | A) | Humans will someday outnumber all other species |
| | B) | Population growth is positively correlated with education |
| | C) | Population growth is outpacing food supply growth |
| | D) | Most species show population growth-decline schedules of about 1000 years |
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2 | |
Which of the following statements about Darwin's theory of evolution is true? |
| | A) | He devised the theory while on the Beagle and published it shortly thereafter |
| | B) | He devised and published the theory just a few years after his Beagle voyage |
| | C) | He devised the theory shortly after the Beagle voyage, but didn't publish it for 20 years |
| | D) | It was nearly 20 years after the Beagle voyage that he devised and published his theory |
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3 | |
Who wrote a paper on evolution in 1858 that forced Darwin to present his own theory shortly thereafter? |
| | A) | Henslow |
| | B) | Huxley |
| | C) | Malthus |
| | D) | Wallace |
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4 | |
Darwin's landmark book, On the Origin of Species, was released in what year? |
| | A) | 1859 |
| | B) | 1879 |
| | C) | 1836 |
| | D) | 1821 |
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5 | |
In Origin of Species, Darwin made the case for continuity of species in terms of ______ characteristics. |
| | A) | physical |
| | B) | behavioral |
| | C) | emotional |
| | D) | cognitive |
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6 | |
According to _______________, we should not attribute anything to a higher mental faculty that could instead be attributed to a lower faculty. |
| | A) | Morgan's canon |
| | B) | Occam's razor |
| | C) | the principle of simplicity |
| | D) | the Turing test |
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7 | |
The evolutionary mechanism described by Lamarck was based on __________; the mechanism described by Mendel was based on _______. |
| | A) | genetics; environmental factors |
| | B) | environmental factors; Morgan's canon |
| | C) | Morgan's canon; acquired characteristics |
| | D) | acquired characteristics; genetics |
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8 | |
Which of the following is not a publication from Darwin? |
| | A) | The Descent of Man |
| | B) | The Expression of Emotions in Man and Animals |
| | C) | A Biographical Sketch of an Infant |
| | D) | Inquiries into Human Faculty and Development |
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9 | |
Quetelet's law has to do with what topic? |
| | A) | Population growth in relation to food supply |
| | B) | Causal analysis of human behavior |
| | C) | The pattern of deviations about a mean |
| | D) | The factors contributing to human intelligence |
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10 | |
In terms of nature and nurture, Galton supported _______ and Candolle supported ________. |
| | A) | nature; nature |
| | B) | nature; nurture |
| | C) | nurture; nature |
| | D) | nurture; nurture |
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11 | |
We have __________ to thank for first proposing the twin-study method for assessing the relative contributions of nature and nurture. |
| | A) | Darwin |
| | B) | Galton |
| | C) | Quetelet |
| | D) | Candolle |
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12 | |
What is eugenics? |
| | A) | A type of mental testing |
| | B) | A sophisticated statistical analysis tool |
| | C) | The practice of inferring ones faculties from physical features |
| | D) | The attempt to improve the human condition through selective breeding |
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13 | |
Galton investigated the effectiveness of _____. |
| | A) | prayer |
| | B) | aromatherapy |
| | C) | psychoanalysis |
| | D) | snake oil |
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14 | |
How did Columbia react to Cattell's opposition to American involvement in WWI? |
| | A) | As a liberal institution, Columbia was happy to help him exercise free speech |
| | B) | Although Columbia disliked it, Cattell's tenure protected him from retaliation |
| | C) | Cattell was dismissed from Columbia |
| | D) | A committee was formed to investigate, but the war ended before they could make a recommendation |
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15 | |
Who is most appropriately described as psychology's first great publisher, promoter, and businessman? |
| | A) | James |
| | B) | Galton |
| | C) | Cattell |
| | D) | Hall |
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16 | |
James's philosophy was that of the ____________. |
| | A) | Pragmatist |
| | B) | Immaterialist |
| | C) | Epicurean |
| | D) | Stoic |
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17 | |
What did James describe as personal, dynamic and continuous? |
| | A) | Human evolution |
| | B) | Formal education |
| | C) | Consciousness |
| | D) | Psychology |
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18 | |
For Calkins, the proper subject matter of psychology was _______. |
| | A) | the self |
| | B) | the mind |
| | C) | behavior |
| | D) | introspective elementals |
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19 | |
While at ___________, Hall founded the first American psychology laboratory and the journal ______________. |
| | A) | Johns Hopkins; Psychological Review |
| | B) | Clark; Psychological Review |
| | C) | Johns Hopkins; American Journal of Psychology |
| | D) | Clark; American Journal of Psychology |
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20 | |
Sigmund Freud accepted an invitation from ___________ to lecture in the United States. |
| | A) | James |
| | B) | Cattell |
| | C) | Hall |
| | D) | Titchener |
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2004 McGraw-Hill Higher Education