| Appoggiatura | An NCT that is approached by leap and resolved by step.
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| Escape Tone | Approached by step and resolved by leap in the opposite directions.
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| Neighbor Group | Embellishes a single pitch by sounding its upper and lower neighbors in succession (in either order).
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| Anticipation | Anticipates a tone that belongs to the next chord.
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| Free Anticipation | An anticipation that resolves by leap.
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| Pedal Point | A stationary pitch that begins as a chord tone, then becomes an NCT as the harmonies change, and finally ends up as a chord tone again.
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| Inverted Pedal Points | A pedal point that occurs in a part other than the bass.
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| Double Pedal Point | When pedal points contain more than one pitch class.
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