Read each question carefully and then select the best answer.
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1 | |
Sociologists have identified five basic properties of a minority group. Which of the following is not one of these properties? |
| | A) | unequal treatment |
| | B) | physical traits |
| | C) | ascribed status |
| | D) | cultural bias |
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2 | |
The "one-drop rule" in the southern part of the United States was a vivid example of |
| | A) | the biological significance of race. |
| | B) | the social construction of race. |
| | C) | the statistical significance of race. |
| | D) | the role of ethnicity in the South. |
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3 | |
What term do sociologists use to refer to a negative attitude toward an entire category of people, often an ethnic or racial minority? |
| | A) | ethnocentrism |
| | B) | discrimination |
| | C) | prejudice |
| | D) | contact hypothesis |
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4 | |
Racism is a form of which of the following? |
| | A) | ethnocentrism |
| | B) | discrimination |
| | C) | prejudice |
| | D) | both b and c |
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5 | |
What is the term used to refer to the denial of opportunities and equal rights to individuals and groups that results from the normal operations of a society? |
| | A) | institutional discrimination |
| | B) | glass ceiling |
| | C) | prejudice |
| | D) | racism |
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6 | |
The contact hypothesis has its roots in what sociological perspective? |
| | A) | functionalist |
| | B) | conflict |
| | C) | interactionist |
| | D) | feminist |
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7 | |
Which sociological perspective notes that much of the debate over immigration is phrased in economic terms? |
| | A) | functionalist |
| | B) | conflict |
| | C) | feminist |
| | D) | interactionist |
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8 | |
The members of a __________ group have significantly less control or power over their own lives than the members of other dominant groups. |
| | A) | racial |
| | B) | minority |
| | C) | ethnic |
| | D) | socioeconomic |
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9 | |
Which one of the following statements regarding minority groups is not true? |
| | A) | Members of a minority group experience unequal treatment as compared to members of a dominant group. |
| | B) | Membership in a minority group is not voluntary. |
| | C) | Minority group members do not have a strong sense of group solidarity. |
| | D) | Members of a minority generally marry others from the same group. |
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10 | |
You have a new roommate. Suppose you stereotype him or her on the basis of race, ethnicity, or religion. Your behavior reflects a form of |
| | A) | self-fulfilling prophecy. |
| | B) | discrimination. |
| | C) | ethnocentrism. |
| | D) | prejudice. |
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11 | |
__________ leads people to judge other cultures by the standards of their own group, which leads quite easily to prejudice against cultures viewed as inferior. |
| | A) | Discrimination |
| | B) | Ethnocentrism |
| | C) | Self-fulfilling prophecy |
| | D) | Racism |
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12 | |
Suppose that a white employer refuses to hire a Vietnamese American and selects an inferior white applicant. This illustrates an act of |
| | A) | prejudice. |
| | B) | ethnocentrism. |
| | C) | discrimination. |
| | D) | stigmatization. |
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13 | |
The term __________ refers to an invisible barrier that blocks the promotion of a qualified individual in a work environment because of that person's gender, race, or ethnicity. |
| | A) | glass ceiling |
| | B) | institutional discrimination |
| | C) | affirmative action |
| | D) | contact hypothesis |
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14 | |
Rules requiring that only English be spoken at a place of work, even when it is not a business necessity to restrict the use of other languages, reflect |
| | A) | affirmative action. |
| | B) | institutional discrimination. |
| | C) | the glass ceiling. |
| | D) | amalgamation. |
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15 | |
__________ involves giving priority to minority members for jobs, promotions, and educational opportunities. |
| | A) | Institutional discrimination |
| | B) | Amalgamation |
| | C) | Apartheid |
| | D) | Affirmative action |
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16 | |
Advocates of Marxist class theory argue that the basis for racial subordination in the United States lies within the capitalist economic system. Another representation of this point of view is reflected in which theory? |
| | A) | exploitation |
| | B) | functionalist |
| | C) | interactionist |
| | D) | contact |
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17 | |
_____ is the term used to refer to an emphasis on such concerns as ethnic food or political issues rather than on deeper ties to one's ethnic heritage. |
| | A) | relative ethnicity |
| | B) | symbolic ethnicity |
| | C) | cultural ethnicity |
| | D) | immigration ethnicity |
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18 | |
The S.S. St. Louis was denied permission to land in the United States in 1939 even though which group of refugees was on board? |
| | A) | Polish refugees |
| | B) | Jewish refugees |
| | C) | Catholic refugees |
| | D) | Asian refugees |
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19 | |
Anthropologist Manning Nash identified three functions that racially prejudiced beliefs have for the dominant group. Which of the following is not one of these functions? |
| | A) | Racist beliefs provide a moral justification for maintaining an unequal society that routinely deprives a minority group of its rights and privileges. |
| | B) | Racist beliefs discourage the minority group from attempting to question its lower status. |
| | C) | Racist beliefs unify the minority group and strengthen its cultural awareness. |
| | D) | Racial beliefs encourage support for the existing order by introducing the argument that any societal change would only bring greater poverty to the minority. |
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20 | |
Exploitation theory is also known as |
| | A) | functionalist theory. |
| | B) | the contact hypothesis. |
| | C) | Marxist class theory. |
| | D) | prejudicial theory. |
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21 | |
Which of the following statements is not true? |
| | A) | Prejudice often leads to discrimination. |
| | B) | Prejudice attitudes can be equated with discriminatory behavior. |
| | C) | One important and widespread form of prejudice is racism. |
| | D) | Sometimes prejudice results from ethnocentrism. |
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22 | |
In the wake of the September 11, 2001, terrorist attack on the United States, Congress passed the Aviation and Transportation Security Act which stipulates that all airport screeners must be citizens. This act represents an example of |
| | A) | prejudice. |
| | B) | racism. |
| | C) | ethnocentrism. |
| | D) | institutional discrimination. |
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23 | |
Which one of the following groups had the lowest U.S. median income by race, ethnicity, and gender in 2001? |
| | A) | Black men |
| | B) | Hispanic men |
| | C) | Black women |
| | D) | Hispanic women |
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24 | |
One important and widespread form of prejudice is __________: the belief that one race is supreme and all others are innately inferior. |
| | A) | racism |
| | B) | ethnocentrism |
| | C) | discrimination |
| | D) | self-fulfilling prophecy |
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25 | |
__________ states that interracial contact between people of equal status in cooperative circumstances will cause them to become less prejudiced and to abandon previous stereotypes. |
| | A) | The glass ceiling theory |
| | B) | The contact hypothesis |
| | C) | Symbolic ethnicity |
| | D) | Apartheid |
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