Please choose the best answer to the following questions.
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| 1.
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Biological anthropologists are interested in |
| | A) | how humans evolved. |
| | B) | what humans evolved into. |
| | C) | how humans are evolving today. |
| | D) | All of the above. |
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| 2.
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Single nucleotide polymorphisms reflect past mutations, therefore scientists can use them to |
| | A) | predict future mutations. |
| | B) | estimate evolutionary relationships among individuals and populations. |
| | C) | study the conditions that our ancestors lived in. |
| | D) | All of the above. |
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| 3.
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The statistical study of the size and makeup of human populations, and of changes in those measures, is called |
| | A) | dermatoglyphics. |
| | B) | dermatology. |
| | C) | demography. |
| | D) | demimonde. |
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| 4.
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What caused the population of Europe to drop from about 70 million in 1347 to 45 million by 1352? |
| | A) | plague |
| | B) | famine |
| | C) | war |
| | D) | flood |
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| 5.
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At the current growth rate of 1.2 percent, the world population will double in _____ years. |
| | A) | 8 |
| | B) | 37 |
| | C) | 58 |
| | D) | 75 |
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| 6.
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The specialized skin cells melanocytes help protect the skin from |
| | A) | high altitude. |
| | B) | temperature. |
| | C) | UV radiation. |
| | D) | All of the above. |
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| 7.
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What is the most important factor to living in extreme environments? |
| | A) | The ability to sweat. |
| | B) | Culture |
| | C) | Different skin pigmentations. |
| | D) | Fire |
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| 8.
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The relationship between dark skin and high levels of UV radiation is an example of |
| | A) | culture. |
| | B) | an adaptive response. |
| | C) | demography. |
| | D) | a distance curve. |
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| 9.
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Darker skinned people have |
| | A) | more melanin production. |
| | B) | more melanocytes. |
| | C) | less melanocytes. |
| | D) | both A and B. |
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| 10.
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What is the reason behind the evolution of light skin? |
| | A) | Light skin aids in the absorption of vitamin D |
| | B) | Light skin provides more protection again cold weather. |
| | C) | The above are theories that have been discredited and the reason behind the evolution of light skin remains a matter of debate. |
| | D) | Both A and B. |
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| 11.
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The phenotypic trait involved in the ABO blood system is the presence or absence of certain proteins called |
| | A) | antibodies. |
| | B) | melanocytes. |
| | C) | single nucleotide polymorphisms. |
| | D) | antigens. |
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| 12.
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Which blood type contains no antigens? |
| | A) | A |
| | B) | B |
| | C) | AB |
| | D) | O |
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| 13.
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Which of the following is associated with type O blood? |
| | A) | Mosquitoes are more attracted to type O persons. |
| | B) | Type O persons appear to have a greater chance of stomach ulcers. |
| | C) | Type O persons have been statistically associated with smallpox. |
| | D) | Both A and B. |
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| 14.
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Remnants of ancient viruses make up about _____ percent of the human genome. |
| | A) | 1 |
| | B) | .001 |
| | C) | 5 |
| | D) | 0 |
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| 15.
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Which of the following has been a general trend in the relationship between diseases and the human species, called an epidemiological transition? |
| | A) | Infectious diseases increased in impact, as larger and denser concentrations of people provided the disease vectors with greater opportunity to be passed from host to host. |
| | B) | Due to better public health measures and improved nutrition, there was a shift to chronic, degenerative diseases, such as cancers, heart and circulatory diseases. |
| | C) | Old diseases are returning because microorganisms are themselves evolving, while new diseases are emerging because of human activity in the modern world. |
| | D) | All of the above. |
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