| Assistive technology device | Any item, equipment, or product system that is used to increase, maintain, or improve functional capabilities.
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| Behavior intervention plan | An educational program that emphasizes the development of positive behaviors that will serve the same purpose as a negative behavior.
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| Collaborative consultation | The mutual responsibility of general and special education teachers in planning an educational program.
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| Cooperative teaching | Special and general education teachers sharing in classroom planning and teaching.
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| Culturally diverse students | Those students who come form backgrounds that are not primarily Western European.
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| Disability | A limitation that is inherent in an individual as a result of the impairment.
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| Due process | A safeguard system to ensure that decisions regarding a student’s educational program are fair and just.
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| Exceptional student | A student whose educational needs are not met by traditional education programs. An exceptional student can have a disability or can have gifts and talents.
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| Functional behavior assessment | The determination of the function or purpose that a behavior serves.
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| Handicap | A problem an individual encounters based on external factors.
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| Impairment | A loss or abnormality of a psychological, physiological, or anatomical structure or function.
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| Incidence | The number of individuals identified as falling into a particular category for the first time during a specific period (such as a year).
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| Linguistically diverse students | Those students whose primary language is not English. Sometimes referred to as English language learners or as having limited English proficiency.
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| Manifestation determination | Procedures used to determine if a behavior requiring disciplinary action is caused by, or related to, the student’s disability.
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| Prevalence | The total number of individuals who are in a given category at a particular point in time.
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| Related services | Those activities or services that enable a child with a disability to receive a free, appropriate public education and to benefit from the special education program.
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| Special education | Instruction specifically designed to meet the individual needs for an exceptional student.
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| Universal design | The concept that environments, instruction, and assessment should be designed to be accessible to all individuals.
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| Zero tolerance | Disciplinary action taken without considering extenuating circumstances.
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