| Applied behavior analysis | The systematic application of behavioral principles to change socially significant behavior.
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| Behavioral intervention plan | A written plan that contains the details of the strategies to be used in intervention and the assessment methods that will be used to evaluate the program.
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| Bibliotherapy | The use of literature to help people solve problems and deal with feelings, to teach about a particular disability, or to promote social awareness and acceptance of differences.
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| Conduct disorder | A disorder that involves a repetitive and persistent pattern that violates age-appropriate societal norms or the basic rights of others.
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| Contingency contract | An agreement, usually in writing, that specifies consequences for desired performances.
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| Creative dramatics | An improvised drama created by the players.
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| Cross-age tutoring | The tutoring of younger students by older students
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| Differential reinforcement | Positive reinforcement in which the teacher rewards students for performing behaviors other than, or behaviors that are incompatible with, targeted undesirable ones.
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| Dimensional classification system | A classification system for emotional disturbance that includes six categories or dimensions.
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| Externalizing disorders | Disorders that are typically expressed outwardly, including aggression, acting out, and disobedience.
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| Extinction | Withholding positive reinforcement for a previously reinforced response.
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| Independent group contingencies | An instructional grouping method in which group members' individual improvement is evaluated and rewarded.
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| Interdependent group contingencies | An instructional grouping method in which group members' combined performance is evaluated and rewarded.
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| Internalizing disorders | Disorders that are typically expressed inwardly, including personality problems, anxiety, and depression.
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| Mood disorders | A class of disorders that includes manic disorders, depressive disorders, and bipolar disorders.
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| Negative reinforcement | The presentation of an aversive stimulus and then its removal as a consequence of the student's behavior resulting in an increase of the behavior.
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| Pharmacological treatment | The use of medication to help in controlling some emotional or behavioral disorders.
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| Play therapy | The use of a child's play for self-expression and the exploring of feelings to work through troubling experiences, fears, and anxieties.
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| Positive behavior support | A behaviorally based systems change approach to redesigning the environment to minimize problem behaviors.
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| Positive reinforcement | The contingent presentation of a consequence following a student response to increase that response.
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| Premack Principle | Positive reinforcement procedure that uses student-preferred activities as reinforcers for performing less preferred activities.
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| Punishment | Contingently applying an aversive consequence following a behavior to reduce the behavior.
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| Reciprocal tutoring | A form of tutoring in which students trade off the roles of tutor and tutee.
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| Response cost | The withdrawal of specific numbers of reinforcers contingent on a behavior's occurrence.
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| Reverse-role tutoring | A form of tutoring in which the student with the disability is the tutor.
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| Schizophrenia | A condition characterized by delusions, hallucinations, and disorganized speech and behavior.
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| Time-out | The contingent removal of the student from a positively reinforcing environment for some predetermined amount of time.
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| Token economy | The contingent presentation of something tangible that can be exchanged later for some preferred reinforcer.
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| Universal intervention | An intervention that is used as a general schoolwide or whole classroom strategy for all students with and without disabilities.
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