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1 | |
Baldwin's integrative framework |
| | A) | is built around four major actors: individuals, common-interest groups, the home country government, and foreign institutions and governments. |
| | B) | seeks to explain how policies are set and changed in response to "shocks." |
| | C) | is solely concerned with explaining how the median voter will react. |
| | D) | all of the above |
| | E) | a and b |
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2 | |
Interest groups have a disproportionate amount of influence on trade policy decisions because |
| | A) | interest groups are "free riders." |
| | B) | they engage in rent-seeking behavior, while consumers do not. |
| | C) | the small number of individuals represented by the interest group stands to gain greatly, while each of the millions of consumers would be scarcely affected and, so, do not vote. |
| | D) | policy-makers are inherently corrupt. |
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3 | |
In October 1996, Mexican tomato growers agreed to __________; this is an example of __________. |
| | A) | not sell tomatoes in the U.S. above a certain price; the median voter principle |
| | B) | not sell tomatoes in the U.S. below a certain price; the median voter principle |
| | C) | not sell tomatoes in the U.S. above a certain price; a circumvention of the median voter principle |
| | D) | not sell tomatoes in the U.S. below a certain price; a circumvention of the median voter principle |
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4 | |
The legislation that raised average U.S. tariff levels to about 50% in 1930 was called |
| | A) | the General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade (GATT). |
| | B) | the Trade Adjustment Assistance Act (TAA). |
| | C) | the Smoot-Hawley Tariff. |
| | D) | the Bretton Woods Agreement. |
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5 | |
The Kennedy Round of trade negotiations |
| | A) | was part of the General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade (GATT). |
| | B) | allowed for item-by-item reductions in tariffs, rather than across-the-board reductions. |
| | C) | included discussions about the World Trade Organization (WTO), which was to become GATT's successor. |
| | D) | all of the above. |
| | E) | a and b only. |
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6 | |
The Doha development agenda |
| | A) | involved concessions by developing countries that pharmaceutical companies in the developed world had the right to charge them higher prices for anti-HIV/AIDS medications. |
| | B) | was an outgrowth of the failure of the meeting of trade ministers in Seattle in 1999. |
| | C) | demonstrated that developing countries had almost no clout in international trade negotiations. |
| | D) | a and c. |
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7 | |
The "Super 301" provision |
| | A) | requires the Supreme Court to review all cases involving unfair trade practices by U.S. trading partners. |
| | B) | forbids trade (except in humanitarian supplies) with Cuba. |
| | C) | requires the U.S. Trade Representative to prepare annually a list of countries that are unfairly restricting U.S. exports. |
| | D) | enables the U.S. Congress to impose sanctions against imported products, if such products threaten the health and safety of American citizens. |
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8 | |
As a result of the Uruguay Round of trade negotiations, |
| | A) | average tariffs on imports of developed countries fell to under 5%. |
| | B) | average tariffs on imports of developing countries fell to under 20%. |
| | C) | average tariffs overall were reduced by 34%. |
| | D) | all of the above. |
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9 | |
The first administration of President George W. Bush (the second President Bush) |
| | A) | saw the systematic dismantling of trade barriers, including the elimination of tariffs on imported steel. |
| | B) | began a process of gradual dismantling of trade barriers, including the elimination of tariffs on imported steel. |
| | C) | saw the marked reduction in disagreements with Europe over trade restrictions. |
| | D) | saw the imposition of tariffs of up to 35% on imported steel |
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10 | |
The U.S. government's efforts to give tax breaks to U.S. companies engaging in exports |
| | A) | has been ruled illegal by the WTO. |
| | B) | has been ruled legal by the WTO. |
| | C) | has resulted in almost no benefit to U.S. companies. |
| | D) | b and c. |
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