Myra Pollack Sadker,
Late of The American University David Miller Sadker,
The American University
ISBN: 0072877723 Copyright year: 2005
Table of Contents
PART I — TEACHERS AND STUDENTS
Chapter 1
Becoming a Teacher
What Are You Doing for the Rest of Your Life?
Do Teachers Like Teaching?
Professionalism at the Crossroads
From Normal Schools to Board-Certified Teachers
Different Paths to Teacher Education
On Discipline . . .
On Competition . . .
On Honesty and Dependability . . .
On Urban Legends about Teaching . . .
Southwest Airlines and Teaching
We Like Questions
Summary
Key Terms and People
Discussion Questions and Activities
Reel to Real Teaching
For Further Reading
Chapter 2
Student Diversity
Different Ways of Learning
Multiple Intelligences and Emotional
Intelligence
Cultural Diversity
Teaching Them All
Culture and Education 101
Multicultural Education
Bilingual Education
Exceptional Learners
Exceptional Learners: An Exceptional Struggle for Educational Rights
The Gifted and Talented
Summary
Key Terms and People
Discussion Questions and Activities
Reel to Real Teaching
For Further Reading
Chapter 3
Teacher Effectiveness
Are Teachers Born, or Made?
The Mysterious Case of Teacher Effectiveness
Academic Learning Time
Classroom Management
The Pedagogical Cycle
Clarity and Academic Structure
Questioning
Student Response
Reaction or Productive Feedback
Variety in Process and Content Models for Effective Instruction
Direct Teaching
Cooperative Learning
Mastery Learning
Problem-Based Learning
Effective and Reflective Teaching
Summary
Key Terms and People
Discussion Questions and Activities
Reel to Real Teaching
For Further Reading
RAP REFLECTIVE ACTIVITIES AND YOUR PORTFOLIO INTRODUCTION
RAP REFLECTIVE ACTIVITIES AND YOUR PORTFOLIO
PART II — SCHOOLS AND CURRICULUM
Chapter 4
Schools: Choices and Challenges
A Meeting Here Tonight
The Purposes of School
Purpose 1: To Transmit Society's Knowledge and Values (Passing the Cultural Baton)
Purpose 2: Reconstructing Society (Schools as Tools for Change)
Public Demands for Schools
Where Do You Stand?
Education Reform
Beyond the Neighborhood Public School
The Choice Concept
Magnet Schools
Open Enrollment
Vouchers
Charter Schools
EMOs (Educational Maintenance Organizations): Schools for Profit
Brand Name Education: Should Schools Be "Open" for Business?
Home Schools, Home Teachers
Summary
Key Terms and People
Discussion Questions and Activities
Reel to Real Teaching
For Further Reading
Chapter 5
Life in Schools
Rules, Rituals, and Routines
"Come Right Up and Get Your New Books": A Teacher's Perspective
"Come Right Up and Get Your New Books": A Student's Perspective
Delay and Social Distraction
Watching the Clock
The Teacher as Gatekeeper
The Other Side of the Tracks
The Power of Elementary Peer Groups
GUEST COLUMN: Haunted by Racist Attitudes
High School's Adolescent Society
The Affective Side of School Reform
What Makes a School Effective?
Factor 1: Strong Leadership
Factor 2: A Clear School Mission
Factor 3: A Safe and Orderly Climate
Factor 4: Monitoring Student Progress
Factor 5: High Expectations
A Note of Caution on Effective Schools Research
Beyond Five Factors
Summary
Key Terms and People
Discussion Questions and Activities
Reel to Real Teaching
For Further Reading
Chapter 6
What Students Are Taught in
Schools
What Is a Curriculum?
The Extracurriculum
The Hidden or Implicit Curriculum
The Formal or Explicit Curriculum
The Curriculum Time Machine: A Historical Perspective
Time Capsule 1: The Two Rs in the Seventeenth Century
Time Capsule 2: Curricula in the Eighteenth Century
Time Capsule 3: A Secularized Curriculum for More Students in the Nineteenth Century
Time Capsule 4: Progressive Education in the First Half of the Twentieth Century
Time Capsule 5: Sputnik in Space and Structure in Knowledge, 1940s–1960s
Time Capsule 6: Social Concern and Relevance, 1960s–1970s
Time Capsule 7: Back to Basics, Standards and Testing, 1980s–2004
The Subjects of the Formal Curriculum
Language Arts and English
Social Studies
Mathematics
Science
Foreign Languages
The Arts
Physical Education
Health
Career Technical Education
New Directions for the Curriculum
The Saber-Tooth Curriculum
Summary
Key Terms and People
Discussion Questions and Activities
Reel to Real Teaching
For Further Reading
Chapter 7
Standards, Testing, and the Controversy over Who Controls the Curriculum
The Faculty Room
Who and What Shape the Curriculum?
Teachers
Parental and Community Groups
Students
Administrators
The State Government
Local Government
Colleges and Universities
Standardized Tests
Education Commissions and Committees
Professional Organizations
Special Interest Groups
Publishers
The Federal Government
No Child Left Behind 240
The Standards Movement
Test Problems: Seven Reasons Why Standardized Tests Are Not Working
An Alternative Curriculum
Alternatives to High-Stakes Testing
The Textbook Shapes the Curriculum
Seven Forms of Bias
Invisibility
Stereotyping
Imbalance and Selectivity
Unreality
Fragmentation and Isolation
Linguistic Bias
Cosmetic Bias
Religious Fundamentalism
Censorship and the Curriculum
Cultural Literacy or Cultural Imperialism?
Summary
Key Terms and People
Discussion Questions and Activities
Reel to Real Teaching
For Further Reading
RAP REFLECTIVE ACTIVITIES AND YOUR PORTFOLIO
PART III — FOUNDATIONS
Chapter 8
The History of American Education
Christopher Lamb's Colonial Classroom
Colonial New England Education: God's Classrooms
A New Nation Shapes Education
The Common School Movement
Spinsters, Bachelors, and Gender Barriers in Teaching
The Secondary School Movement
School Reform Efforts
John Dewey and Progressive Education
The Federal Government
The World We Created at Hamilton High: A Schoolography
A Super School (If You're on the Right Side of the Tracks), 1953–1965
Social Unrest Comes to School, 1966–1971
The Students' Turn, 1972–1979
New Students, Old School, 1980–1985
Hall of Fame: Profiles in Education
Summary
Key Terms and People
Discussion Questions and Activities
Reel to Real Teaching
For Further Reading
Chapter 9
Philosophy of Education
Finding Your Philosophy of Education
Inventory of Philosophies of Education
Interpreting Your Responses
Five Philosophies of Education
Teacher-Centered Philosophies
Essentialism
Perennialism
Student-Centered Philosophies
Progressivism
Social Reconstructionism
Existentialism
Psychological Influences on Education
Constructivism
Behaviorism
Cultural Influences on Education
The Three Legendary Figures of Classical Western
Philosophy
Basic Philosophical Issues and Concepts
Metaphysics and Epistemology
Ethics, Political Philosophy, and Aesthetics
Logic
Your Turn
Summary
Key Terms and People
Discussion Questions and Activities
Reel to Real Teaching
For Further Reading
Chapter 10
Financing and Governing America's Schools
Follow the Money: Financing America's Schools
Why Should Teachers Care Where the Money Comes from?
The Property Tax: The Road to Unequal Schools
Reforming Education Finance
Robin Hood's New Arrow: Adequacy
Does Money Matter?
States Finding the Money
The Federal Government's Role in Financing
Education
What the Future May Hold for School Finance
Accountability
Choice Programs
The Economy's Impact on School Budgets
Local Fundraising
Decaying Infrastructure
Governing America's Schools
School Governance Quiz
The Legal Control of Schools
From an Idea to a Reality
State Influence Grows as School Boards Come under Fire
The School Superintendent and Principal
Covert Power in Schools
Business and Schools
Making Schools More Responsive
Summary
Key Terms and People
Discussion Questions and Activities
Reel to Real Teaching
For Further Reading
Chapter 11
School Law and Ethics
Classroom Law
What Is Your Rights Quotient?
I. Teacher's Rights and Responsibilities
II. Students' Rights and Responsibilities
Teaching and Ethics
Moral Education: Programs That Teach Right from Wrong
Classrooms That Explore Ethical Issues
Summary
Key Terms and People
Discussion Questions and Activities
Reel to Real Teaching
For Further Reading
RAP REFLECTIVE ACTIVITIES AND YOUR PORTFOLIO
PART IV — TOMORROW
Chapter 12
The Struggle for Educational Opportunity
Educational Opportunity to All
Native Americans: The History of Miseducation
Black Americans: The Struggle for a Chance to Learn
Hispanics: Growing School Impact
Mexican Americans
Puerto Ricans
Cuban Americans
Asian Americans and Pacific Islanders: The Magnitude of Diversity
Chinese Americans
Filipino Americans
Asian Indian Americans
Japanese Americans
Southeast Asian Americans
Arab Americans: Moving Beyond the Stereotype
Women and Education: A History of Sexism
The Impact of Title IX
Our Children, Your Students
Family Patterns
Wage Earners and Parenting
Divorce
America's New Families
Latchkey Kids
Hidden America: Homeless Families
Children: At Promise or At Risk?
Dropping Out
Sexuality and Teenage Pregnancy
AIDS: HIV Comes to School
Substance Abuse: Drinking, Drugs, and
Smoking
Youth Suicide
Gay, Lesbian, Bisexual, and Transgendered: Our
Invisible Students
Bullying
Tension Point: Are Equity and Excellence Compatible?
Summary
Key Terms and People
Discussion Questions and Activities
Reel to Real Teaching
For Further Reading
Chapter 13
Technology in Education
The Technology Revolution
Schools.com
It's the Teaching, Not the Technology
The Virtual Teacher
Technology and Equity
Is Computer Technology Worth the Effort?
Summary
Key Terms and People
Discussion Questions and Activities
Reel to Real Teaching
For Further Reading
Chapter 14
Your First Classroom
Stages of Teacher Development
Your First Year: Induction into the Profession
Mentors
Observation
Professional Development Programs
Personalizing Schools
Finding That First Teaching Position
Resumes, Portfolios, and Interviews
Teacher Recognition
The National Board for Professional Teaching
Standards
Merit Pay
Career Ladder Programs
Educational Associations
Which Educational Association Speaks for You?
Professional Associations and Resources
American Schools: Better Than We Think?
Summary
Key Terms and People
Discussion Questions and Activities
Reel to Real Teaching
For Further Reading
Chapter 15
Q and A Guide to Entering the Teaching Profession
What Are My Chances of Finding a Teaching Position?
Who Are My Teaching Colleagues? What Are the Demographics of Today's Teachers?
What Are My Chances for Earning a Decent Salary?
Do Private Schools Pay Less than Public Schools?
How Do I Apply for a Teaching Job? Do I Need a Résumé or a Portfolio?
How Do I Prepare for a Successful Interview?
What Do I Need in Order to Teach—a License or Certification? By the Way, What's the Difference?
Who Awards Licenses, and How Do I Get One?
What Type of License Do I Need? (You Mean, There's More than One?)
What Is an Endorsement?
If I Want to Teach in Another State, Do I Need Another Teacher's License?
What Are "Alternative Routes" to Getting a Teacher's License?
What Are Teacher Competency Tests?
How Do Teaching Contracts Work?
What Are Some Advantages of Tenure?
What Are Some Disadvantages of Tenure?
Are Untenured Teachers Protected?
Can Principals Be Tenured?
What Kinds of Educational Careers Are Available Beyond Classroom Teaching?
Summary
Key Terms and People
RAP REFLECTIVE ACTIVITIES AND YOUR PORTFOLIO
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2005 McGraw-Hill Higher Education