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1 | |
Which of the following statements is true of sociology? |
| | A) | Sociology has been used to study social interaction for over 700 years. |
| | B) | Sociology is the scientific study of social interaction and organization. |
| | C) | Sociology is the scientific study of public policy. |
| | D) | Sociology is an abstract - as opposed to practical - study of society. |
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2 | |
The term ___________________ refers to the ability to see the connection between individual experiences and social forces. |
| | A) | sociological imagination |
| | B) | structural functionalism |
| | C) | social facts |
| | D) | social dynamics |
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3 | |
Which of the following is an example of a microsociological research topic? |
| | A) | patterns of marriage and divorce in a country |
| | B) | shifts in racial compositions of a city |
| | C) | structure of education in a school district |
| | D) | day-to-day activities of the homeless |
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4 | |
Who coined the term "sociology" and is generally considered to be the "founder" of sociology? |
| | A) | Karl Marx |
| | B) | Auguste Comte |
| | C) | Max Weber |
| | D) | Emile Durkheim |
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5 | |
Those aspects of social life that have to do with order, stability, and social organization that allow societies and groups to hold together and endure are called: |
| | A) | social statics. |
| | B) | social dynamics. |
| | C) | social absolutes. |
| | D) | constructed reality. |
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6 | |
Who wrote How to Observe Manners and Morals, the first book on sociological methodology and social research? |
| | A) | Herbert Spencer |
| | B) | Emily Post |
| | C) | Harriet Martineau |
| | D) | Emile Durkheim |
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7 | |
The application of evolutionary notions and the concept of the "survival of the fittest" to society is called: |
| | A) | class conflict. |
| | B) | dialectical materialism. |
| | C) | social dynamics. |
| | D) | social Darwinism. |
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8 | |
Which of the following statements is true of Karl Marx? |
| | A) | Marx was the first person to call himself a sociologist. |
| | B) | Marx headed the communist revolutions of the 19th century. |
| | C) | Marx believed that capitalism would replace socialism. |
| | D) | Marx focused his research and theories on class conflict. |
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9 | |
Which of the following did Emile Durkheim find in his study of suicide? |
| | A) | Individuals are more likely to commit suicide during times of war and revolution than in times of peace. |
| | B) | Individuals who are well integrated into society are less likely to commit suicide. |
| | C) | Individuals commit suicide because of purely individual factors. |
| | D) | Individuals who are depressed are more likely to commit suicide. |
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10 | |
Max Weber's view that sociologists must not allow their personal biases to affect the conduct of their research is called: |
| | A) | value-free sociology. |
| | B) | verstehen. |
| | C) | ideal type. |
| | D) | social facts. |
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11 | |
What major contribution(s) did American W.E.B. Du Bois make to sociology? |
| | A) | a sociological understanding of racial inequality |
| | B) | a sociological understanding of class inequality |
| | C) | theories of individual freedom |
| | D) | theories of gender |
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12 | |
Sociologists investigating postmodern theory would study: |
| | A) | gender, race, and class. |
| | B) | economy and industry. |
| | C) | goods and services. |
| | D) | images and media. |
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13 | |
One purpose of education is to help students acquire the skills they need to be successful in society. This is an example of a(n) _____________ function. |
| | A) | constructed |
| | B) | latent |
| | C) | manifest |
| | D) | entrenched |
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14 | |
Which sociological perspective views consensus as the basis of social unity? |
| | A) | the conflict perspective |
| | B) | the functionalist perspective |
| | C) | the interactionist perspective |
| | D) | postmodernism |
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15 | |
Which theoretical perspective provides the strongest framework for analyzing a student protest against a university's decision to cancel its policy of exempting graduating seniors from final exams? |
| | A) | Interactionist, because the university and the students didn't share the same understanding about final exams. |
| | B) | Functionalist, because teaching college students to protest is a manifest function of education. |
| | C) | Functionalist, because exams serve a social function. |
| | D) | Conflict, because this is an example of a power struggle between two groups with conflicting ideas and interests. |
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16 | |
Constructed reality is: |
| | A) | the ability to control the behavior of others. |
| | B) | the principle that meaning derives from social interaction in daily life. |
| | C) | the observed consequences that permit the adaptation or adjustment of a system. |
| | D) | an artificial explanation of culture that exists apart from any shared social meaning. |
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17 | |
In the library, Louise observes a woman sitting at a table by herself. A man comes up and sits at the other end of the table. The woman frowns and shakes her head "no." The man gets up and moves to another table. Louise concludes that the woman did not want to share a study table. The theoretical perspective Louise is using is the _______________ perspective. |
| | A) | conflict |
| | B) | functionalist |
| | C) | interactionist |
| | D) | postmodern |
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18 | |
Social Research provides: |
| | A) | a general framework for understanding social life. |
| | B) | an explanation for social life. |
| | C) | facts with which to answer questions about social life. |
| | D) | a subjective understanding of social life. |
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19 | |
Sociologists, like other scientists, look for relationships between different: |
| | A) | variables. |
| | B) | experiments. |
| | C) | correlations. |
| | D) | hypotheses. |
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20 | |
In an experiment, two groups are identical except for the change that researchers introduce into one group. That group is called: |
| | A) | the contaminated group. |
| | B) | the control group. |
| | C) | the experimental group. |
| | D) | the neutral standard. |
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21 | |
Which of the following is true of observation? |
| | A) | Observation is one of the easiest tools for sociological inquiry because it requires only good note taking. |
| | B) | Observation is not subject to the same controls that are applied to other methods. |
| | C) | Observation requires the involvement of the researcher in the activity being studied. |
| | D) | Observation is often the only way to gather information about illicit or taboo behavior. |
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22 | |
Which of the following research methods uses existing records? |
| | A) | survey research |
| | B) | questionnaire research |
| | C) | archival research |
| | D) | observational research |
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23 | |
The authors explain that feminist research methodology: |
| | A) | emphasizes inclusion, social change, and humaneness. |
| | B) | places its main emphasis on concrete theories. |
| | C) | stresses that all human emotions are to be ignored. |
| | D) | always uses multiple methods. |
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24 | |
When conducting social research, what is the next step in the scientific method after a review of the literature? |
| | A) | collecting data |
| | B) | choosing a research design |
| | C) | selecting a researchable problem |
| | D) | formulating a hypothesis |
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25 | |
Which of the following statements is true of sociologists? |
| | A) | They are exempt from the considerations of research ethics that govern biological researchers. |
| | B) | They have not been able to agree on a code of ethics. |
| | C) | They enjoy the same privileges as attorneys in protecting subjects' privacy. |
| | D) | They should obtain informed consent in cases where subjects may be exposed to risks of research that are greater than the risks of everyday life. |
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