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1 | |
The term ______________ refers to the socially shared and organized ways of thinking, feeling, and acting that concern ultimate meanings about the existence of the supernatural or "beyond." |
| | A) | animism |
| | B) | mana |
| | C) | totemism |
| | D) | religion |
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2 | |
Hinduism is an example of: |
| | A) | humanism. |
| | B) | polytheism. |
| | C) | monotheism. |
| | D) | simple supernaturalism. |
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3 | |
________________ is a pattern of religious behavior that involves a belief in spirits or otherworldly beings-e.g., in animals, plants, rocks, etc. |
| | A) | Mana |
| | B) | Theism |
| | C) | Animism |
| | D) | Polytheism |
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4 | |
Which type of religious organization has never existed in the United States, but has been common in history and still exists in parts of the world? |
| | A) | church |
| | B) | denomination |
| | C) | cult |
| | D) | sect |
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5 | |
A _______________ is a religious movement that represents a new and independent religious tradition. It is alienated and viewed as deviant by the dominant society. |
| | A) | church |
| | B) | cult |
| | C) | sect |
| | D) | denomination |
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6 | |
Who was the sociologist who wrote The Protestant Ethic and the Spirit of Capitalism? |
| | A) | Emile Durkheim |
| | B) | Herbert Spencer |
| | C) | Max Weber |
| | D) | Karl Marx |
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7 | |
Which of the following is NOT true regarding evangelicalism and fundamentalism? |
| | A) | Christian fundamentalism and evangelicalism are on the rise in the United States. |
| | B) | Fundamentalism reaffirms traditional authority and is opposed to "modernist" theology. |
| | C) | Evangelicals profess a personal relationship with Jesus Christ. |
| | D) | The Islamic fundamentalist hijackers of September 11 are representative of Islamic fundamentalists and Islam in general. |
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8 | |
In The Elementary Forms of Religious Life, _______________ describes how religion serves the functions of social cohesion and social control. |
| | A) | Emile Durkheim |
| | B) | Herbert Spencer |
| | C) | Max Weber |
| | D) | Karl Marx |
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9 | |
The ___________________ Amendment to the Constitution provided the foundation for the principle of the separation of church and state. |
| | A) | First |
| | B) | Fourth |
| | C) | Seventh |
| | D) | Thirteenth |
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10 | |
What was Karl Marx's view of religion? |
| | A) | Religion is a vehicle by which people justify inequality. |
| | B) | Religion is a vehicle through which we create a shared consciousness that contributes to class consciousness. |
| | C) | Religion creates a pool of individuals with the attitudes and values necessary to function as entrepreneurs. |
| | D) | Because of its other-worldly focus, religion diverts the attention of the oppressed from their material conditions and impedes their seeking social change in this world. |
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11 | |
_______________ is a relatively permanent change in behavior or capability that results from experience. |
| | A) | Insight |
| | B) | Education |
| | C) | Learning |
| | D) | Manipulated cognition |
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12 | |
Which of the following is NOT a true statement regarding education? |
| | A) | Schools were initially created to prepare a select few for leadership and professional positions. |
| | B) | As schools have grown larger, face-to-face interaction between teachers and students has increased. |
| | C) | School curricula of the "core" subjects are remarkably similar throughout the world. |
| | D) | Education socializes children for effective participation in society. |
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13 | |
In 2000, the Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD) ranked 15-year-olds from 28 countries in reading, math, and science. Among the following countries, whose students fared the worst? |
| | A) | Canada, |
| | B) | Finland |
| | C) | the United States |
| | D) | Ireland |
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14 | |
In the U.S., high school graduation rates are currently highest for: |
| | A) | whites. |
| | B) | African Americans. |
| | C) | Asian Americans. |
| | D) | Native Americans. |
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15 | |
Which of the following statements is NOT true of home schooling? |
| | A) | The number of students taught at home is thought to have tripled between 1989 and 1999. |
| | B) | Home schooling is illegal in some states. |
| | C) | Home-schooled children do well on standardized tests. |
| | D) | Home-schooled children do not suffer disadvantages in self-esteem. |
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16 | |
According to functionalists, which of the following is NOT a function of education? |
| | A) | completing socialization |
| | B) | social integration of a diverse population |
| | C) | research and development |
| | D) | acting as a control device used by the established elites. |
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17 | |
The statement that "the social relations of work find expression in the social relations of school" reflects: |
| | A) | the correspondence principle. |
| | B) | credentialism. |
| | C) | the hidden curriculum. |
| | D) | structural dyspepsia. |
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18 | |
Educational self-fulfilling prophecies: |
| | A) | exist where children fail to learn because teachers cannot teach. |
| | B) | are unlikely to exist when teachers' assessments of students are based on stereotypes of various classes and racial groups. |
| | C) | result in student alienation and failure. |
| | D) | have little effect on minority children. |
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19 | |
The American health care system: |
| | A) | focuses on maintaining health as much as on curing disease. |
| | B) | has seen an explosion of invasive, expensive, and often risky medical interventions. |
| | C) | emphasizes the people who have a disease, not the disease itself. |
| | D) | has recently focused on generalized medicine as opposed to specialized. |
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20 | |
According to health economists, a medical system should have about __________ percent of its doctors practicing primary, rather than specialty, care. |
| | A) | 30 |
| | B) | 40 |
| | C) | 50 |
| | D) | 60 |
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21 | |
Which of the following is an accurate statement about health care and hospitals? |
| | A) | Hospitals are relatively new institutions, having been first developed during the Industrial Revolution. |
| | B) | Congress established Medicare in 1939 as a way to pay some of the health care costs of the elderly. |
| | C) | Religious organizations typically run today's hospitals. |
| | D) | Hospitals are businesses that are concerned with profits. |
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22 | |
The interaction between physician and patient: |
| | A) | has been satisfactory to patients so alternative therapies are disappearing. |
| | B) | is often seen as a relationship based on consumerism. |
| | C) | is based on the physician's ability to reduce the "competence gap" between the physician and patient. |
| | D) | is governed by the patient, who manages the direction of the discussion. |
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23 | |
Which of the following does NOT account for the rise in the cost of health care? |
| | A) | Classical rules that govern marketplace exchanges have been applied to the health care industry for decades. |
| | B) | Labor costs have risen sharply. |
| | C) | The continual upgrading in the scope and intensity of medical services is costly. |
| | D) | Modern medicine does not reduce the number of sick people. |
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24 | |
Which of the following is an accurate statement about managed health care in the United States? |
| | A) | Managed care is usually administered by a not-for-profit health care organization. |
| | B) | Managed care has grown dramatically since the mid-1980s. |
| | C) | Managed care reduces administrative costs in health care. |
| | D) | Managed care provides doctors with more autonomy. |
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25 | |
Which of the following is TRUE regarding health care in the United States vs. Canada? |
| | A) | The United States has lower infant mortality rates and higher life expectancy rates. |
| | B) | Canada spends a greater share of its gross domestic product on health care. |
| | C) | Administrative costs are lower in Canada. |
| | D) | The U.S. health insurance industry would benefit from a system like Canada's. |
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