 |
1 | |
The authors tell about abused and neglected children who were isolated from human contact. These stories demonstrate that humans are shaped by: |
| | A) | physical environment. |
| | B) | human interaction. |
| | C) | biology and genes. |
| | D) | nature. |
|
|
2 | |
____________________ is the process of social interaction by which people acquire the knowledge, attitudes, values, and behaviors essential for effective participation in society. |
| | A) | Culture |
| | B) | The definition of the situation |
| | C) | Social communication |
| | D) | Socialization |
|
|
3 | |
Which of the following is NOT a micro-level theory of socialization? |
| | A) | social learning theory |
| | B) | conflict theory |
| | C) | cognitive developmental theory |
| | D) | symbolic interactionism |
|
|
4 | |
________________ is a form of learning using punishment and reinforcement to shape behavior. |
| | A) | Conditioning |
| | B) | Personal efficacy |
| | C) | Reflexive behavior |
| | D) | Egocentric bias |
|
|
5 | |
__________________ is more than just a theory of socialization. It is a broad sociological perspective that helps us understand social processes in many settings. |
| | A) | Social learning theory |
| | B) | Cognitive development theory |
| | C) | Conditioning |
| | D) | Symbolic interactionism |
|
|
6 | |
_________________ is the highly regarded linguist who suggested that human beings have an inborn language-generating mechanism, which he termed the language acquisition device. |
| | A) | Noam Chomsky |
| | B) | B.F. Skinner |
| | C) | Albert Bandura |
| | D) | Erik Erikson |
|
|
7 | |
Which of the following is NOT an example of nonverbal communication? |
| | A) | body language |
| | B) | proxemics |
| | C) | impression management |
| | D) | artifacts |
|
|
8 | |
Tommy asked John, "How was school today?" John shouted, "Just fine!" Based on this exchange, Tommy worried that something was bothering John. What type of nonverbal communication did Tommy rely on to develop this concern? |
| | A) | proxemics |
| | B) | touch |
| | C) | paralanguage |
| | D) | extra sensory perception |
|
|
9 | |
The Thomas theorem states that: |
| | A) | nonverbal communication constitutes the majority of a message in communication. |
| | B) | verbal communication is more important than touch, and touch is more important than artifacts in communicating a message. |
| | C) | definitions of the situation differ, and common understanding is impossible. |
| | D) | our definitions influence our construction of reality. |
|
|
10 | |
Karen walks into the classroom just as another student has told the punch line of a very funny joke. The room explodes in laughter. Karen quickly checks to see that her shirt is buttoned correctly and that there is no toilet tissue clinging to her shoe. Once she realizes the class isn't laughing at her, she settles down in her seat and asks a classmate to re-tell the joke. Karen's initial response upon entering the room is an example of: |
| | A) | esoteric social readjustment. |
| | B) | an egocentric bias. |
| | C) | the looking-glass self. |
| | D) | the formation of the self. |
|
|
11 | |
Miriam tutors a second-grader in math. Over the course of the year, she helps him work through two years' worth of material. At the end of the year, her student gives her a big hug and tells her that she is wonderful and that he never would have been able to learn so much by himself. Her achievement inspires Miriam to volunteer to teach a craft class at the playground during the summer. Her willingness to take on a new teaching assignment is motivated, in part, by: |
| | A) | her generalized other. |
| | B) | personal efficacy. |
| | C) | peer pressure. |
| | D) | an acutely focused career path. |
|
|
12 | |
A police officer visits a first-grade class to demonstrate street safety tips and emphasize the importance of looking both ways before crossing a street. Young James is now very careful to look both ways before stepping off the curb. According to George Herbert Mead, James is responding to the ___________ other. |
| | A) | generalized |
| | B) | authoritative |
| | C) | significant |
| | D) | rational-legal |
|
|
13 | |
According to Erving Goffman, impression management is: |
| | A) | the analogy between social life and theater. |
| | B) | the concept that social life can be seen as "frames" with invisible realities. |
| | C) | the coercion that occurs in everyday life. |
| | D) | the attempt to favorably influence the way others see us. |
|
|
14 | |
____________________ is the theoretical perspective that views social life as similar to performances staged in a theater. |
| | A) | Impression management |
| | B) | The Thomas theorem |
| | C) | The looking-glass self |
| | D) | The dramaturgical approach |
|
|
15 | |
Which of the following is NOT a phase in role socialization as described by Mortimer and Simmons? |
| | A) | anticipatory socialization |
| | B) | verbalizing the role to others |
| | C) | altering roles |
| | D) | exiting roles |
|
|
16 | |
__________________ is the sociological term used to refer to the various stages of life between conception and death. |
| | A) | Role socialization |
| | B) | Life events |
| | C) | Development |
| | D) | The life course |
|
|
17 | |
Which of the following statements accurately describes childhood? |
| | A) | Societies begin socializing children at varying ages. |
| | B) | Childhood has always been viewed as the period when individuals should be attending school rather than working. |
| | C) | Childhood is the period of slowest development in a human's life. |
| | D) | The length of childhood varies in different cultures. |
|
|
18 | |
Which of the following statements accurately describes adolescence? |
| | A) | In much of the world, adolescence is regarded as a socially distinct period. |
| | B) | In the view of neo-Freudians, the main task of adolescence is to become independent of the family. |
| | C) | Puberty rites make the shift from child to adult more definitive. |
| | D) | In America, regard for adolescence as a distinct life stage emerged during the 1700s. |
|
|
19 | |
Turning points at which people change direction in the course of their lives are: |
| | A) | age norms. |
| | B) | life events. |
| | C) | social clocks. |
| | D) | remarkably similar for men and women. |
|
|
20 | |
According to Erik Erikson's Eight Stages of Development, which of the following is one of the predominant social settings in adulthood? |
| | A) | the neighborhood |
| | B) | work |
| | C) | peer groups |
| | D) | out-groups |
|
|
21 | |
Which of the following did Helena Znaniecki Lopata NOT find in her research on widowhood? |
| | A) | The higher a woman's education and socioeconomic class, the more disorganized her self-identity and life became after her husband's death. |
| | B) | About half of the widows in her study lived alone. |
| | C) | Those who lived alone said they did so because they wanted to be independent. |
| | D) | About 30 percent moved in with their married children. |
|
|
22 | |
Which of the following statements is Not true of later adulthood? |
| | A) | Later adulthood begins at age 65. |
| | B) | Societies differ in the prestige and dignity they accord the elderly. |
| | C) | Recent research has found that many skills improve with age (e.g., verbal and social skills). |
| | D) | The elderly have better mental health and fewer negative emotions than younger people. |
|
|
23 | |
Elisabeth Kübler-Ross found that people typically pass through five stages in accommodating themselves to impending death. These stages are: |
| | A) | denial, anger, bargaining with God or fate, depression, and acceptance. |
| | B) | anger, modeling, prayer, depression, and fear. |
| | C) | denial, fear, prayer, sadness, and accommodation. |
| | D) | fear, bargaining, accommodation, joy, and peace. |
|
|
24 | |
Which of the following is the term used to describe the process by which we imaginatively assume the stance of others and view ourselves as we believe they see us? |
| | A) | reflected appraisal |
| | B) | social comparison |
| | C) | self attribution |
| | D) | the looking-glass self |
|
|
25 | |
A ________________ is the mode of care that attempts to make the dying experience less painful or emotionally traumatic for patients and families. |
| | A) | hospital |
| | B) | hospice |
| | C) | nursing home |
| | D) | mortuary |
|