Group Relationships
Primary Groups and Secondary Groups
In-Groups and Out-Groups
Reference Groups

Group Dynamics
Group Size
Leadership
Social Loafing
Social Dilemmas
Groupthink
Conformity

Formal Organizations
Types of Formal Organization
Bureaucracy: A Functional Approach to Organizations
Characteristics of Bureaucracies
Problems of Bureaucracy
Conflict and Interactionist Perspectives
Humanizing Bureaucracies
Box 4.1 Social Inequalities: What Does Bias Come From? Sometimes, Almost Nothing
Box 4.2 Students Doing Sociology: Compete or Cooperate? The Prisoner’s Dilemma
Box 4.3 Doing Social Research: Reality TV and Conformity: The Experiment