(See related pages)
After studying the chapter, the student should be able to . . .
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Describe the four principles of visual perception (constructive, context dependent, interpretive, meaningful), and give an example of each. |
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Describe the anatomical makeup of the optic nerve as well as its general purpose in vision. Describe the optic nerve pathway including its various fibers. |
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Discuss in detail the location and the importance of the superior colliculus to visual processing. Explain why it is referred to as a primitive visual area. |
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Describe in detail the anatomical and physiological properties of the lateral geniculate nucleus (LGN), and specify the roles it fulfills in visual processing. |
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Compare and contrast magnocellular and parvocellular neurons. Include their location in the LGN as well as their individual roles in visual processing. |
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Describe in detail the location and importance of the visual cortex including its relationship to the LGN. |
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Discuss what is meant by blindness, and explain why a simple definition is difficult. |
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Explain what is meant by cortical magnification and why it is an important factor in visual processing. Give reasons why the largest part of the cortex is devoted to one of the smallest regions of the retina (the fovea). |
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Specify and discuss the structures and features of the visual cortex. Describe simple, complex, and hypercomplex cortical cells and their roles in vision. |
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Explain what is meant by the oblique effect, and contrast it with meridional amblyopia. Discuss the two leading theories of the oblique effect. |
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Explain how binocular cells' receptive fields allow them to respond to objects at different distances from the viewer. |
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Describe cortical columns and hypercolumns, and give evidence for them. |
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Describe processing beyond V1, including the parietal and temporal pathways, the role of P and M cells, and the sorts of visual defects that result from lesions. |
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Explain how to relate visual perception to neurophysiology. Include the theory that cortical cells act as feature detectors, and discuss the grandmother-cell problem and the ambiguity problem. Also include the theory of ensemble coding, and apply it to an explanation of the tilt aftereffect. |