Please answer all questions. The numbers at the end of each question refer to the textbook page where the question topic is discussed.
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1 | |
The central nervous system (CNS) includes the (345) |
| | A) | brain and cranial nerves |
| | B) | brain and spinal nerves |
| | C) | brain and spinal cord |
| | D) | brain only |
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2 | |
The portion of the nervous system considered a functional subdivision is the (345) |
| | A) | autonomic nervous system |
| | B) | ganglionic division |
| | C) | peripheral nervous system |
| | D) | spianchnic nervous system |
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3 | |
Which of the following is not a function of the CNS? (345) |
| | A) | orienting the body |
| | B) | coordinating and controlling body activities |
| | C) | assimilating experiences |
| | D) | programming instinctual behavior |
| | E) | all of the above are functions of the CNS |
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4 | |
Of the five regions of the brain, the one that does not differentiate from a developmental region having a different name is the (347) |
| | A) | mesencephalon |
| | B) | metencephalon |
| | C) | diencephalon |
| | D) | telencephalon |
| | E) | myelencephalon |
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5 | |
The cerebral hemispheres are located within the (347) |
| | A) | diencephalon |
| | B) | telencephalon |
| | C) | metencephalon |
| | D) | myelencephalon |
| | E) | mesencephalon |
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6 | |
The spinal cord attaches to the brain at the region of the (347) |
| | A) | mesencephalon |
| | B) | metencephalon |
| | C) | diencephalon |
| | D) | telencephalon |
| | E) | myelencephalon |
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7 | |
Which of the following is not true of neurons? (348) |
| | A) | They respond to physical and chemical stimuli. |
| | B) | They are the most abundant cells of nervous tissue. |
| | C) | They all conduct nerve impulses. |
| | D) | They all release chemical regulators. |
| | E) | They cannot divide mitotically. |
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8 | |
Which two terms refer to clusters of cell bodies of neurons in the CNS and PNS, respectively? (348) |
| | A) | nuclei and ganglia |
| | B) | chromatophilic substances and neuroglia |
| | C) | neurofibrils and ganglia |
| | D) | perikarya and ganglia |
| | E) | nuclei and neuroglia |
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9 | |
Which of the following is not an actual structural component of a neuron or an organelle within a neuron? (348) |
| | A) | a dendrite |
| | B) | a nerve fiber |
| | C) | an axon |
| | D) | a chromatophilic substance |
| | E) | a neurolemmocyte |
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10 | |
The neuroglia that form myelin in the CNS and guide the development of neurons in the CNS are (351) |
| | A) | neurolemmocytes |
| | B) | microglia |
| | C) | oligodendrocytes |
| | D) | astrocytes |
| | E) | ependymal cells |
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11 | |
Which of the following is not a type of neuron? (352) |
| | A) | an afferent neuron |
| | B) | a multipolar neuron |
| | C) | a pseudounipolar neuron |
| | D) | an unipolar neuron |
| | E) | an association neuron |
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12 | |
During depolarization of an axon, (357) |
| | A) | the cell wall becomes impermeable to ionic movement |
| | B) | Na moves into the cell and K moves out of the cell |
| | C) | there is equalization of ionic concentration on both sides of the cell membrane |
| | D) | Na moves out of the cell and K moves into the cell |
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13 | |
Which of the following statements is incorrect concerning a nerve impulse? (357) |
| | A) | It travels in only one direction. |
| | B) | It is an all-or-none response. |
| | C) | It is the actual movement of Na and K ions. |
| | D) | It always progresses from dendrites, to cell body, to axon. |
| | E) | All of the statements are true. |
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14 | |
The speed of a nerve impulse is determined by all of the following except the (357) |
| | A) | diameter of a nerve fiber |
| | B) | intensity of a stimulus |
| | C) | presence of myelin |
| | D) | thickness of myelin |
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15 | |
Synaptic transmission is made possible by (358) |
| | A) | membrane transport |
| | B) | an ion pump |
| | C) | saltatory conduction |
| | D) | neurotransmitters |
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16 | |
Cerebrospinal fluid would not be found in the (358) |
| | A) | cerebral arterial circle |
| | B) | lateral ventricle |
| | C) | subarachnoid space |
| | D) | central canal |
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17 | |
Which of the following is not composed of gray matter? (359) |
| | A) | nuclei |
| | B) | the cerebral cortex |
| | C) | the cerebellar cortex |
| | D) | the optic tract |
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18 | |
Which two measurements relate to the adult human brain? (359) |
| | A) | 0.5 kg/1 billion neurons |
| | B) | 1.0 kg/10 billion neurons |
| | C) | 1.5 kg/100 billion neurons |
| | D) | 2 kg/1 trillion neurons |
| | E) | 5 kg/10 trillion neurons |
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19 | |
Which of the following statements is false regarding the cerebrum? (362) |
| | A) | It is located within the diencephalon. |
| | B) | It contains the lateral ventricles. |
| | C) | It accounts for 80% of the brain's mass. |
| | D) | It is convoluted at the cerebral cortex. |
| | E) | It is composed of five paired lobes. |
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20 | |
The right and left cerebral hemispheres are incompletely separated by a (363) |
| | A) | central sulcus |
| | B) | corpus callosum |
| | C) | sagittal fissure |
| | D) | longitudinal cerebral fissure |
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21 | |
Which of the following is not a paired cerebral lobe? (363) |
| | A) | occipital lobe |
| | B) | temporal lobe |
| | C) | parietal lobe |
| | D) | frontal lobe |
| | E) | all of the lobes of the cerebrum are paired. |
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22 | |
The precentral gyrus is an important motor area located within the (363) |
| | A) | occipital lobe |
| | B) | sphenoidal lobe |
| | C) | temporal lobe |
| | D) | parietal lobe |
| | E) | frontal lobe |
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23 | |
The specific area of the cerebrum that interprets sensory impulses, known as somatesthetic sensations is the (363) |
| | A) | postcentral gyrus |
| | B) | motor speech area |
| | C) | consciousness center |
| | D) | holistic center |
| | E) | thalamus |
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24 | |
Which association of a cerebral lobe with a function is incorrect? (366) |
| | A) | parietal lobe and speech |
| | B) | frontal lobe and voluntary motor control |
| | C) | insula lobe and visual perception |
| | D) | temporal lobe and auditory perception |
| | E) | occipital lobe and eye focusing |
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25 | |
An EEG pattern of 1 to 5 cycles/second in an asleep adult would be identified as (368) |
| | A) | alpha waves |
| | B) | beta waves |
| | C) | theta waves |
| | D) | delta waves |
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26 | |
Fiber tracts that connect one cerebral lobe to another within the same hemisphere are known as (368) |
| | A) | association fibers |
| | B) | projection fibers |
| | C) | commissural fibers |
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27 | |
Motor dysfunction, including rigidity, tremor, and rapid aimless movement, is the result of neural diseases or physical trauma to the (369) |
| | A) | motor speech area |
| | B) | postcentral gyrus |
| | C) | tentorium cerebelli |
| | D) | basal nuclei |
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28 | |
A structure that is not located in the diencephalon is the (374) |
| | A) | thalamus |
| | B) | pituitary gland |
| | C) | hypothalamus |
| | D) | pons |
| | E) | epithalamus |
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29 | |
Which of the following is not regulated by the hypothalamus? (373) |
| | A) | respiration |
| | B) | heartbeat |
| | C) | body temperature |
| | D) | sleep |
| | E) | electrolyte balance |
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30 | |
The pituitary stalk supports the (373) |
| | A) | pineal gland |
| | B) | hypothalamus |
| | C) | thalamus |
| | D) | choroid plexus |
| | E) | pituitary gland |
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31 | |
The pineal gland (373) |
| | A) | extends from the posterior end of the epithalamus |
| | B) | produces cerebrospinal fluid |
| | C) | has a neuroendocrine function |
| | D) | produces antidiuretic hormone (ADH) |
| | E) | both a and c |
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32 | |
Which of the following structures is (are) not located in the metencephalon? (374) |
| | A) | fourth ventricle |
| | B) | pons |
| | C) | cerebellum |
| | D) | cerebellar peduncles |
| | E) | all are located in the metencephalon |
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33 | |
The respiratory center(s) of the pons is (are) called the (374) |
| | A) | apneustic area |
| | B) | pulmonic area |
| | C) | pleura area |
| | D) | pneumotaxic area |
| | E) | both a and d |
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34 | |
The arbor vitae are (375) |
| | A) | tracts of white matter |
| | B) | convoluted ridges |
| | C) | connecting tubules |
| | D) | nuclei within the cerebellum |
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35 | |
Which of the following statements is false concerning the cerebellum? (375) |
| | A) | It has an outer layer of white matter. |
| | B) | It functions with the pons as a respiratory center. |
| | C) | It communicates with the rest of the brain through the cerebellar peduncles. |
| | D) | It consists of two hemispheres. |
| | E) | None of the above |
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36 | |
The crossing over of projection fibers within the medulla oblongata is referred to as (369) |
| | A) | decussation |
| | B) | chiasma |
| | C) | extensor connection |
| | D) | internunciation |
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37 | |
A cranial nerve that does not arise in the medulla oblongata is the (376) |
| | A) | vagus nerve |
| | B) | hypoglossal nerve |
| | C) | accessory nerve |
| | D) | facial nerve |
| | E) | glossopharyngeal nerve |
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38 | |
Which of the following statements concerning the medulla oblongata is false? (376) |
| | A) | It contains the fourth ventricle. |
| | B) | It is a cardiac center in conjunction with the hypothalamus. |
| | C) | It is located within the myelencephalon. |
| | D) | It secretes hormones along with the pituitary gland. |
| | E) | It is a respiratory center in conjunction with the pons. |
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39 | |
The reticular formation (377) |
| | A) | arouses the cerebrum |
| | B) | regulates digestion |
| | C) | contains motor nuclei |
| | D) | regulates body temperature |
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40 | |
The meninx closest to the brain is the (378) |
| | A) | dura mater |
| | B) | pia mater |
| | C) | arachnoid mater |
| | D) | ligamentum denticulatum |
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41 | |
Which of the following is not a specialized extension of the dura mater? (379) |
| | A) | falx cerebelli |
| | B) | falx cerebri |
| | C) | tentorium cerebelli |
| | D) | ligamentum denticulatum |
| | E) | diaphragm sellae |
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42 | |
Enclosed regions of the meninges that collect venous blood and drain it to the internal jugular veins of the neck are called (378) |
| | A) | arachnoid villi |
| | B) | epidural spaces |
| | C) | subarachnoid spaces |
| | D) | dural sinuses |
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43 | |
Which of the ventricles of the brain is (are) unpaired? (381) |
| | A) | first |
| | B) | second |
| | C) | third |
| | D) | fourth |
| | E) | both third and fourth |
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44 | |
Which of the following statements is false concerning cerebrospinal fluid (CSF)? (382) |
| | A) | It is produced by neuroglia within the choroid plexus. |
| | B) | It cushions and buoys the CNS. |
| | C) | It has a density close to that of brain tissue. |
| | D) | It drains from the CNS at the arachnoid villi. |
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45 | |
Which of the following would not be found in cerebrospinal fluid? (382) |
| | A) | Na+ |
| | B) | urea |
| | C) | white blood cells |
| | D) | red blood cells |
| | E) | H+ |
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46 | |
Which of the following statements is false concerning the spinal cord? (384) |
| | A) | The spinal cord terminates at the conus medullaris. |
| | B) | There are enlargements of the spinal cord at each vertebral segment. |
| | C) | The gray matter is H-shaped and deep to the white matter. |
| | D) | The spinal cord ends at the level of L1. |
| | E) | Projections of the gray matter within the spinal cord are called horns. |
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47 | |
The columns of white matter in the spinal cord are called (386) |
| | A) | funiculi |
| | B) | cords |
| | C) | fasciculi |
| | D) | bundles |
| | E) | pillars |
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48 | |
The corticospinal tracts (386) |
| | A) | descend directly from the cerebral cortex to the lower motor neurons without interruption |
| | B) | all decussate (cross over) within the medulla oblongata |
| | C) | synapse within the spinal cord |
| | D) | serve only the upper extremities |
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49 | |
The extrapyramidal tracts (389) |
| | A) | originate in the cerebral cortex |
| | B) | consist of reticulospinal tracts, vestibulospinal tracts, and rubrospinal tracts |
| | C) | serve only the upper extremities |
| | D) | are both motor and sensory |
| | E) | both b and d |
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2002 McGraw-Hill Higher Education