(See related pages)
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| apse | a vaulted semicircular recess at one or both ends of a basilica |
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| atrium | the inner courtyard of a Roman house, usually colonnaded and open to the sky |
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| attic | the superstructure or low upper story above the main order of a façade |
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| basilica | a large, colonnaded hall commonly used for public assemblies, law courts, baths, and marketplaces |
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| eclogue | a pastoral poem, usually involving shepherds in an idyllic rural setting |
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| epistle | a formal letter |
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| equestrian | mounted on horseback |
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| imperium (Latin, "command," "empire") | the civil and military authority exercised by the rulers of ancient Rome (and the root of the English words "imperialism" and "empire"); symbolized in ancient Rome by an eagle-headed scepter and the fasces, an ax bound in a bundle of rods |
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| mosaic | a medium by which small pieces of glass or stone are embedded in wet cement on wall and floor surfaces; any picture or pattern made in this manner |
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| oratory | the art of public speaking |
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| pastoral | pertaining to the country, to shepherds, and the simple rural life; also, any work of art presenting an idealized picture of country life |
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| res publica (Latin, "of the people") | a government in which power resides in citizens entitled to vote and is exercised by representatives responsible to them and to a body of law |
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| sarcophagus (plural, sarcophagi) | a stone coffin |
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| satire | a literary genre that ridicules or pokes fun at human vices and follies |
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| trompe l'oeil (French, "fool the eye") | a form of illusionistic painting that tries to convince the viewer that the image is real and not painted |
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| vault | a roof or ceiling constructed on the arch principle (see Figure 6.5) |