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1 | |
Which of the following is an example of an internalizing disorder? |
| | A) | aggression |
| | B) | substance abuse |
| | C) | truancy |
| | D) | anxiety |
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2 | |
Which of the following refers to the maladaptive use of drugs, including legal drugs like alcohol or nicotine and illegal drugs like pot, cocaine and LSD? |
| | A) | comorbidity |
| | B) | truancy |
| | C) | substance abuse |
| | D) | negative affectivity |
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3 | |
Which one of the following is not associated with delinquency? |
| | A) | violence |
| | B) | defiance |
| | C) | truancy |
| | D) | sexual abstinence |
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4 | |
Disorders in which the young person's problems are turned outward (i.e., "acting out") are |
| | A) | externalizing disorders. |
| | B) | antisocial behavior disorders. |
| | C) | aggressive disorders. |
| | D) | internalizing disorders. |
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5 | |
According to Jessor and Jessor, the underlying cause of externalizing problems during adolescence is "unconventionality," which includes |
| | A) | risk-taking behaviors |
| | B) | conservative views |
| | C) | strong connections to school |
| | D) | intolerance of deviance |
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6 | |
Examples of risk-taking behaviors include all of the following except |
| | A) | experimentation with illegal drugs |
| | B) | having sex with contraception |
| | C) | delinquent activity |
| | D) | "fast and furious" type driving |
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7 | |
The theoretical explanation that links problem behavior syndrome with a lack of strong bonds to societal institutions is known as |
| | A) | antisocial tendency theory |
| | B) | diathesis-stress theory |
| | C) | problem behavior theory |
| | D) | social control theory |
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8 | |
According to proponents of social control theory, individuals who would be most likely to exhibit problem behavior syndrome would |
| | A) | not have strong bonds to society's institutions |
| | B) | have strong attachments to school |
| | C) | have strong attachments to family |
| | D) | have strong attachments to place of worship |
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9 | |
There tends to be much comorbidity in internalizing disorders which tend to have in common the subjective state of |
| | A) | excitement |
| | B) | relaxation |
| | C) | distress |
| | D) | wonderment |
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10 | |
Individuals who become distressed easily are said to evidence |
| | A) | comorbidity |
| | B) | negative affectivity |
| | C) | ADHD |
| | D) | antisocial tendency |
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11 | |
What is the most widely abused drug among adolescents? |
| | A) | alcohol |
| | B) | cigarettes |
| | C) | ecstacy |
| | D) | marijuana |
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12 | |
According to the University of Michigan survey, "Monitoring the Future," approximately what percentage of American high school seniors have tried marijuana? |
| | A) | 10 |
| | B) | 25 |
| | C) | 33 |
| | D) | 50 |
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13 | |
How does alcohol and tobacco use among adolescents in most other industrialized countries compare to the U.S.? Use of these drugs in other countries |
| | A) | is substantially higher than in the U.S. |
| | B) | is substantially lower than in the U.S. |
| | C) | is slightly lower than in the U.S. |
| | D) | is roughly equivalent to that in the U.S. |
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14 | |
What is the only drug used by a substantial number of high school seniors daily? |
| | A) | alcohol |
| | B) | nicotine (cigarettes) |
| | C) | ecstacy |
| | D) | marijuana |
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15 | |
Cigarette use has reportedly declined significantly compared to levels in 1997. What is most likely the greatest deterrent to smoking among American adolescents? |
| | A) | getting caught by parents |
| | B) | getting caught by school faculty or administration |
| | C) | antismoking campaigns on T.V. and in print media |
| | D) | the 70 percent increase in the price of cigarettes between 1997 and 2001 |
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16 | |
Which of the following is true regarding drug use among 8th grade Americans? |
| | A) | 20 percent report drinking alcohol regularly |
| | B) | nearly half of all adolescents have experimented with alcohol by 8th grade |
| | C) | nearly 1 in 10 8th graders smokes cigarettes at least once a month |
| | D) | all of the above |
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17 | |
The typical adolescent who smokes cigarettes begins in what grade? |
| | A) | after high school graduation |
| | B) | 11th and 12th |
| | C) | 9th and 10th |
| | D) | 7th and 8th |
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18 | |
Estimates are that every day in America approximately 5,000 adolescents try cigarettes for the first time, and of these, how many per day become established smokers (i.e., addicted to nicotine)? |
| | A) | 50 |
| | B) | 200 |
| | C) | 500 |
| | D) | 2000 |
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19 | |
Which of the following is a gateway drug? |
| | A) | alcohol |
| | B) | hallucinogens |
| | C) | heroine |
| | D) | ecstacy |
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20 | |
Who is most likely to use drugs? |
| | A) | African American adolescents |
| | B) | White adolescents |
| | C) | Hispanic adolescents |
| | D) | Native American adolescents |
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21 | |
Studies suggest that in regard to drug use, the most psychologically healthy group of adolescents are |
| | A) | experimenters |
| | B) | frequent users |
| | C) | irrational abstainers |
| | D) | both a and c |
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22 | |
An example of a status offense is |
| | A) | truancy |
| | B) | cocaine use |
| | C) | theft |
| | D) | driving while intoxicated |
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23 | |
Approximately what proportion of arrests for serious crimes involves a suspect under 18? |
| | A) | 5% (one in twenty) |
| | B) | 10% (one in ten) |
| | C) | 25% (one in four) |
| | D) | 33% (one in three) |
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24 | |
Although adolescents comprise only ten percent of the population overall, they account for what percent of victims of crime (theft, robbery, rape, and assault)? |
| | A) | 1% |
| | B) | 5% |
| | C) | 10% |
| | D) | 25% |
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25 | |
The most likely victim of a juvenile assault is |
| | A) | a child |
| | B) | an adolescent |
| | C) | an adult |
| | D) | an elderly person |
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26 | |
According to surveys of young people, at least what percentage have committed an illegal act during adolescence? |
| | A) | 10 |
| | B) | 25 |
| | C) | 40 |
| | D) | 60 |
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27 | |
Which of the following helps to explain the stereotype of the juvenile offender as nonwhite? |
| | A) | African American adolescents are 7 times more likely to be arrested for minor offenses than white adolescents |
| | B) | African American adolescents are twice as likely to be arrested for serious crimes |
| | C) | Minority adolescents in general are more likely to be sent to correctional facilities than white youth who commit similar offenses |
| | D) | all of the above contribute to the stereotype |
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28 | |
Studies indicate that each of the following applies to youngsters whose problems with the law begin before adolescence except |
| | A) | typically male |
| | B) | typically poor |
| | C) | often divorced parents |
| | D) | authoritative parenting |
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29 | |
Youngsters whose antisocial behaviors begin before adolescence and continue into adulthood are typically referred to as evidencing |
| | A) | hostile attributional bias. |
| | B) | attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder. |
| | C) | life-course persistent antisocial behavior. |
| | D) | problem focused coping. |
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30 | |
Which disorder is characterized by impulsivity, inattentiveness and restlessness? |
| | A) | negative affectivity |
| | B) | conduct disorder |
| | C) | social anxiety disorder |
| | D) | ADH |
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31 | |
The tendency to interpret ambiguous interactions with others as deliberately offensive and to react aggressively is known as |
| | A) | hostile attributional bias. |
| | B) | attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder. |
| | C) | life-course persistent antisocial behavior. |
| | D) | juvenile delinquency |
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32 | |
The alleged epidemic of teenage runaways is grossly overstated in that only between percent of adolescents have ever run away from home. |
| | A) | 1 to 3 |
| | B) | 4 to 10 |
| | C) | 11 to 20 |
| | D) | 21 to30 |
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33 | |
Runaways, and repeat runaways, in particular, are more likely than other adolescents to be |
| | A) | delinquent |
| | B) | drop outs from school |
| | C) | aggressive |
| | D) | all of the above |
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34 | |
Which of the following is not one of the diagnostic criteria for mild depressive disorder? |
| | A) | poor appetite or overeating |
| | B) | insomnia or hypersomnia |
| | C) | increased energy level |
| | D) | feelings of hopelessness |
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35 | |
What is the most likely scenario surrounding adolescent suicide? |
| | A) | they usually have made appeals for help and have tried but have not found emotional support from family or friends |
| | B) | they usually have made the decision to commit suicide shortly before the first attempt |
| | C) | attempts at suicide by adolescents are usually impulsive reactions to events such as the break up of a romantic relationship |
| | D) | thoughts of suicide are typically kept secret |
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