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1 | |
According to recent research, about ___ percent of families who have relatively few problems during childhood can expect to develop serious problems in adolescence. |
| | A) | 5% |
| | B) | 15% |
| | C) | 33% |
| | D) | 50% |
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2 | |
Which one of the following statements accurately describes recent conclusions regarding intergenerational differences (i.e., the generation gap)? |
| | A) | the generation gap is largest regarding beliefs about the value of work |
| | B) | the generation gap is largest regarding educational ambitions |
| | C) | the generation gap is largest regarding occupational ambitions |
| | D) | there is little evidence in support of the notion of a generation gap |
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3 | |
The typical parent is approximately 40 years of age when the firstborn reaches adolescence, and this can be a potentially difficult time for many adults who may be experiencing |
| | A) | rebirth |
| | B) | career crisis |
| | C) | psychosocial crisis |
| | D) | midlife crisis |
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4 | |
The developmental concerns of adolescents whose parents are around the age of 40 are thought by some to be complementary. Which one of the following captures this relationship? |
| | A) | as adolescents are reaching sexual maturation, their parents are approaching the peak of satisfaction with their own appearance and sexuality |
| | B) | as adolescents become able to systematically think about the future and its possibilities, their parents are beginning to feel that the possibilities for change are limited |
| | C) | both adolescents and their parents tend to measure time in terms of how long they have been alive |
| | D) | both adolescents and their parents begin to deal with the potential gap that exists between what they have thus far aspired to be, and what they have actually become |
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5 | |
One of the major stressors in many U.S. families during adolescence is the fact that adolescents, compared to younger children, require greater |
| | A) | financial resources |
| | B) | emotional resources |
| | C) | educational resources |
| | D) | medical resources |
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6 | |
In families with middle-aged adults adjusting to the transition of their offspring from childhood to adolescence, what is thought to be true regarding the mental health of family members? |
| | A) | the adjustment takes a greater toll on the mental health of the adolescent |
| | B) | the adjustment takes a greater toll on the mental health of the parents |
| | C) | parents report this as the easiest stage of parenting |
| | D) | the adjustment is equally difficult for both the parent(s) and the adolescent |
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7 | |
The beginning of adolescence may be somewhat more strained than other times, in part, because conflicts between teenagers and parents tend to be resolved |
| | A) | through intense and bitter argumentation |
| | B) | through compromise or negotiation |
| | C) | through submission or disengagement |
| | D) | only when the parents give in to their adolescent's demands |
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8 | |
Changes in the adolescent's cognitive abilities may increase the adolescent's awareness of her parents' |
| | A) | mortality |
| | B) | lifestyle |
| | C) | needs |
| | D) | shortcomings |
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9 | |
Studies support each of the following statements regarding gender differences in family relationships except |
| | A) | fathers are more likely to be perceived as relatively distant authority figures |
| | B) | adolescents fight more often with their fathers than with their mothers |
| | C) | adolescents tend to be closer to their mothers |
| | D) | fathers are less likely to be consulted about problems and emotional matters |
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10 | |
Who has developed a scheme for categorizing different types of parenting? |
| | A) | Michael Rutter |
| | B) | Mavis Hetherington |
| | C) | August Hollingshead |
| | D) | Diana Baumrind |
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11 | |
The parenting style proposed by Baumrind that combines low levels of demandingness with low levels of responsiveness is commonly known as |
| | A) | indulgent parenting |
| | B) | authoritative parenting |
| | C) | authoritarian parenting |
| | D) | indifferent parenting |
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12 | |
The type of parenting proposed by Baumrind where the child is expected to accept parental dictates without question is |
| | A) | indulgent parenting |
| | B) | authoritative parenting |
| | C) | authoritarian parenting |
| | D) | indifferent parenting |
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13 | |
The parenting style proposed by Baumrind most often associated with immature, irresponsible children is |
| | A) | indulgent parenting |
| | B) | authoritative parenting |
| | C) | authoritarian parenting |
| | D) | indifferent parenting |
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14 | |
The parenting style associated with the healthiest psychological and social development is |
| | A) | indulgent parenting |
| | B) | authoritative parenting |
| | C) | authoritarian parenting |
| | D) | indifferent parenting |
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15 | |
Authoritative parenting is most prevalent in |
| | A) | Asian American families |
| | B) | White families |
| | C) | African American families |
| | D) | Hispanic families |
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16 | |
Diana Baumrind's research demonstrates that some parents use an ___ style of parenting, dominated by harsh enforcement of rules and little expression of warmth. |
| | A) | authoritative |
| | B) | authoritarian |
| | C) | indulgent |
| | D) | indifferent |
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17 | |
Baumrind's research also shows that other parents use an ___ style of parenting, in which the parent typically demonstrates little warmth and expects very little in the way of appropriate behavior and achievement from the adolescent. |
| | A) | authoritative |
| | B) | authoritarian |
| | C) | indulgent |
| | D) | indifferent |
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18 | |
Adolescents report their highest levels of interpersonal conflict occur with |
| | A) | parents |
| | B) | siblings |
| | C) | friends |
| | D) | teachers |
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19 | |
An example of a nonshared environmental influence would be when two siblings |
| | A) | attend different elementary schools |
| | B) | are raised in the same household |
| | C) | become members of the same religious denomination |
| | D) | are raised used the same parenting methods |
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20 | |
Approximately what percentage of American adolescents grow up in poverty? |
| | A) | around 1% |
| | B) | around 5% |
| | C) | around 15% |
| | D) | around 30% |
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21 | |
Which child is most likely to live in a single-parent household? |
| | A) | Asian American child |
| | B) | Hispanic child |
| | C) | White child |
| | D) | African American child |
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22 | |
Approximately what percent of divorced men will remarry? |
| | A) | 10 |
| | B) | 25 |
| | C) | 50 |
| | D) | 75 |
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23 | |
Approximately what percentage of all American women with adolescents are employed? |
| | A) | 20 |
| | B) | 40 |
| | C) | 60 |
| | D) | 80 |
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24 | |
Part of the reason that adolescents from divorced homes have, on average, more problems than their peers is |
| | A) | because it is universally accepted that two parents are better than one |
| | B) | because they have inherited from their divorced parents some of the same traits that influenced their parents' divorce |
| | C) | because the negative effects of the divorce process are relatively permanent |
| | D) | because even when a parent remarries, biological parents are superior to step-parents |
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25 | |
Based on the research literature, which child would you expect to have the most immediate problems with a parental divorce? |
| | A) | A young female child |
| | B) | A young male child |
| | C) | A female adolescent |
| | D) | A male adolescent |
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26 | |
A child will be more negatively affected by marital conflict when |
| | A) | the child does not become involved in the parents' conflict |
| | B) | the child's feelings of security remain unchallenged |
| | C) | the child blames herself for her parents' conflict |
| | D) | the quality of the parent-child relationships remain unchanged |
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27 | |
A measure of the strength of association between two variables is a(n) |
| | A) | correlation |
| | B) | reliability coefficient |
| | C) | effect size |
| | D) | association index |
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28 | |
A technique used to combine the results of many studies on the same topic is |
| | A) | correlation |
| | B) | effect sizing |
| | C) | factor analysis |
| | D) | meta-analysis |
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29 | |
Under what post-divorce conditions would adolescents fare better? |
| | A) | when the relationship between divorced parents is congenial |
| | B) | when the adolescent is placed in the more luxuriously appointed home |
| | C) | when the adolescent is allowed time with both the custodial and non-custodial parent |
| | D) | when the adolescent is placed with the parent residing closest to her school |
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30 | |
Adolescents of divorced parents who have dual residences are most likely to thrive when the ex-spouses |
| | A) | continue fighting even after the divorce is final |
| | B) | try to place the child in the middle of their own arguments |
| | C) | are not as cooperative as they could be in arranging visitation |
| | D) | are consistent in the discipline the adolescent receives |
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31 | |
During which developmental period is parental remarriage most difficult? |
| | A) | Infancy |
| | B) | Middle childhood |
| | C) | Early adolescence |
| | D) | Late adolescence |
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32 | |
Each of the following helps to explain why adolescents growing up in stepfamilies often have more problems than their peers except: |
| | A) | the adolescent is exposed to the potential conflict in the second marriage |
| | B) | the adolescent is exposed to new problems arising from the blending of families |
| | C) | the adolescent is still exposed to additional conflict between ex-spouses |
| | D) | the adolescent has no biological connection with the stepparent |
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33 | |
Which of the following statements about the effect of maternal employment on child and adolescent development is false? |
| | A) | Both male and female children of working mothers are more likely to have school performance problems than children whose mothers don't work. |
| | B) | Female children of working mothers tend to have higher career aspirations than female children of nonworking mothers. |
| | C) | Male children of working mothers tend to have more arguments with their mothers than male children of mothers who don't work. |
| | D) | Male and female children of working mothers tend to be more independent and self reliant than children of nonworking mothers. |
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34 | |
In the 1980s film "The Breakfast Club," Bender, the character played by Judd Nelson, was an antisocial teen. Which style of parenting best describes his father? |
| | A) | authoritative |
| | B) | authoritarian |
| | C) | indifferent |
| | D) | indulgent |
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35 | |
In the 1980s film, "The Breakfast Club," Allison, the character played by Ally Sheedy, said her parents ignored her. Which style of parenting best describes her parents? |
| | A) | indulgent |
| | B) | authoritarian |
| | C) | authoritative |
| | D) | indifferent |
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