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When a muscle contracts the less movable bony attachment of the muscle is known as its and the more movable attachment is know as the . |
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Those muscles that decrease the angle of their attached bones at the joint, are known as muscles and the antagonistic muscles are known as . |
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Each muscle cell is also called a muscle . |
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Within a sarcomere, the dark bands are designated by the letter , and the light bands are designated by the letter . |
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is the response of a muscle that is given two shocks in succession so that the second twitch may partially "ride piggyback" on the first. |
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A sustained maximal contraction by a muscle shocked with electric current with no visible relaxation between successive twitches, is called . |
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In an contraction, the muscle does not shorten and a load on the muscle is not moved. |
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The neurotransmitter molecule released from all somatic motor axons that innervate the motor end plate of skeletal muscle fibers is . |
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A motor consists of each somatic motor neuron together with all of the muscle fibers that it innervates. |
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The thick filaments in a muscle fiber are composed of the protein , and the thin filaments are composed primarily of the protein . |
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In the description of a sarcomere, the center of each I band has a thin, dark disc. |
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By definition, the length of one sarcomere extends from one disc to the next disc. |
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The extensions of the myosin molecules that bind the actin filaments and deliver the power strokes along the sarcomere, are called . |
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The regulatory protein that lies in the groove between the double row of G-actin, effectively blocking the attachment of the myosin head and inhibiting the formation of a cross bridge, is known as . |
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Ca2+ binds with to initiate the myosin to bind to actin. |
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Ca2+ is stored in the (2 words) of a relaxed skeletal muscle cell. |
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The (hyphenated word) relationship states that there is an "ideal" resting length for striated muscle fibers, at which length the stimulated muscle will contract with its maximum strength. |
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As opposed to the higher motor neurons in the brain, the motor neurons in the spinal cord whose axons stimulate skeletal muscle contraction are known as motor neurons. |
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In the Duchenne's muscular dystrophy, a defective gene protein known as is associated with the sarcolemma. |
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The sensory receptors of muscles that are wider in the center and taper toward the ends, and that function as length detectors, are called muscle . |
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There are two types of lower motor neurons in the spinal cord that innervate skeletal muscles : motoneurons and motoneurons. |
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Stimulation of the motoneurons results in muscle contraction and shortening. |
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The normal resting muscle length and its state of partial contraction brought about by sensory input from muscle receptors, is called muscle . |
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The stretch reflex that results esxtemsion of the lower leg in most neuromuscular examinations is referred to as the (hyphenated word) reflex. |
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paralysis, is characterized by increased muscle tone, exaggerated stretch reflexes, and other signs of hyperactive lower motor neurons. |
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The Golgi tendon organs are sensory receptors that continuously monitor the in the tendons that is produced by muscle contraction or by passive stretching of a muscle. |
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Reciprocal innervation can be demonstrated by contraction of a limb flexor muscle, such as the biceps muscle, will result in passive stretch of the antagonistic muscle. |
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If you step on a tack with the right foot, for example, this foot is immediately resulting in withdrawal off the tack; while the contralateral left leg will to support the body. |
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The reticulospinal tract is a major descending tract within the group of tracts, which originate in the reticular formation of the medulla oblongata and pons area and help regulate lower motor neurons innervating skeletal muscles. |
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The number of descending tracts that arise from the cerebellum to control lower motor neurons and thereby control muscle activity, has been shown to equal . |
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Parkinson's disease is a disorder of the basal nuclei involving degeneration of fibers from the substantia nigra, which use as a neurotransmitter. |
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Skeletal muscles at rest obtain most of their energy from the aerobic respiration of acids. |
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The high-energy phosphate molecule within the skeletal muscle fibers that represents a ready reserve of energy that can be donated to ATP during sustained muscle activity is (2 words). |
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Compared to a type I fiber, the type II fibers are considered fast because of the increased concentrations of the enzyme ATPase. |
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Because of their high content, type I are also called red fibers. |
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Type IIX fibers contain require a large amount of to be stored in the muscle because of the oxidative capacity of these cells. |
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The enlargement of a muscle fiber, such as during a weight-lifting program, is called . |
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The electrical synapses, or gap junctions, in cardiac muscle appear as dark lines between adjacent cells when viewed with a light microscope. These dark-staining lines, are known as (2 words). |
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In the digestive tract, the smooth muscle is found in two primary levels--the circular layer and the layer. |
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The sharp rise in the intracellular concentration of ion into the smooth muscle fiber is caused by voltage-regulated gates in the fiber membrane that open when depolarized by the neurotransmitter molecules released from the autonomic motor neurons. |
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