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True or False
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1
An individual with an XXY genotype would be female.
A)True
B)False
2
Even though diploid cells of a female have two X chromosomes, only one of each pair is active while the other X chromosome forms an inactive "heterochromatin" clump.
A)True
B)False
3
A female fetus develops ovarian follicles earlier in embryonic development than a male fetus develops seminiferous tubules (that appear between days 43 and 50 following conception).
A)True
B)False
4
Testes and ovaries are not functional in the fetus and remain functional for the entire life of the individual.
A)True
B)False
5
Fetal development of the female reproductive system is due to the presence of ovaries.
A)True
B)False
6
A person is not considered a true hermaphrodite unless both ovarian and testicular tissues are present in the body.
A)True
B)False
7
The gonads of boys and girls are incapable of producing sex steroids from birth until puberty.
A)True
B)False
8
The gonadotropic hormones, follicle stimulating hormone (FSH) and luteinizing hormone (LH), regulate the menstrual cycle of females and have no function in males.
A)True
B)False
9
In the absence of the two gonadotropic hormones (FSH and LH), the testes or ovaries become very large and secrete high levels of sex steroids. This is probably due to a positive feedback effect on the hypothalamus and anterior pituitary gland.
A)True
B)False
10
A less active or overweight girl typically will begin menstruating at an earlier age than slim girl active in gymnastics and dance.
A)True
B)False
11
In the male, LH stimulates the synthesis and release of testosterone mainly by the interstitial cells of the testes.
A)True
B)False
12
Setoli cells and the developing sperm cells are not destrogyed by T cells because Sertoli cells produce the FAS ligand.
A)True
B)False
13
Luteinizing hormone creates conditions in both males and females that cause the inhibition of its own secretion by triggering negative feedback mechanisms.
A)True
B)False
14
The midpiece of the sperm cell will contain the cell's DNA.
A)True
B)False
15
Benign prostatic hyperplasia is often treated by giving dihydrotestosterone.
A)True
B)False
16
After spermatids are formed, there are no further cell divisions in the process of spermatogenesis.
A)True
B)False
17
Sperm migrate from the seminiferous tubules into the epididymis because of whiplike beating of their tails.
A)True
B)False
18
The epididymis stores semen until the time of ejaculation.
A)True
B)False
19
The forcible expulsion of semen from the urethra and out of the penis is called emission.
A)True
B)False
20
In the male, erection is regulated by the parasympathetic division and ejaculation is controlled by the sympathetic division of the autonomic nervous system.
A)True
B)False
21
Most of the volume of the semen is occupied by the presence of sperm cells.
A)True
B)False
22
New techniques of microsurgery have now made the vasectomy, as a means of contraception, virtually 100% reversible.
A)True
B)False
23
A girl has more future egg cells in her ovaries at the time of puberty than at birth.
A)True
B)False
24
The secondary follicle is distinguished from the primary follicle by increased size and the presence of one or more fluid-filled cavities called vesicles.
A)True
B)False
25
An ovum never finishes the process of meiosis until it is fertilized by sperm.
A)True
B)False
26
During oogenesis, the polar bodies produced by the unequal meiotic divisions become important structures involved in the formation of the placenta and fetal membranes.
A)True
B)False
27
The remants of the ovulated follicle become the corpus albicans within a few days.
A)True
B)False
28
If pregnancy does not occur, the corpus luteum disintegrates within a couple of weeks and becomes a corpus spongiosum.
A)True
B)False
29
Gonadotropin secretion is under the control of a single hormone, (gonadotropin releasing hormone and therefore, FSH and LH concentrations in the plasma rise and fall in synchrony throughout the menstrual cycle.
A)True
B)False
30
During the menstrual cycle, will stimulate a positive feedback that stimulates ovulation.
A)True
B)False
31
As the follicular phase of the menstrual cycle progresses, the amount of FSH secreted from the anterior pituitary gland increased and the follicles become responsive to FSH.
A)True
B)False
32
Toward the end of the follicular phase of the ovarian cycle FSH and estradiol stimulate the ovarian follicles, resulting in an increase in the numbers of FSH and LH receptors and an increase in the sensitivity of follicles to FSH--all in preparation for ovulation.
A)True
B)False
33
The proliferative phase of the endometrium corresponds with the luteal phase of the ovary.
A)True
B)False
34
Estrogen is the dominant hormone of the proliferative phase.
A)True
B)False
35
Gonadotropin levels are artificially high in women who use oral contraceptive pills.
A)True
B)False
36
Oral contraceptive pills prevent a woman from ovulating or menstruating.
A)True
B)False
37
The acrosomal reaction occurs when the sperm cell head interacts with the zona pellucida of an ovum.
A)True
B)False
38
Sperm are at the peak of their fertility when freshly ejaculated such that their ability to fertilize an ovum declines sharply within three to four hours.
A)True
B)False
39
Human chorionic gonadotropin is essential throughout the pregnancy to maintain the pregnancy and prevent miscarriage.
A)True
B)False
40
The uterus itself produces hormones and other chemical agents that help stimulate smooth muscle contractions during labor.
A)True
B)False
41
The endoderm of the embryo will eventually become the skin of the fetus.
A)True
B)False
42
The placenta secretes chorionic somatomammotropin which will maintain the endometrium during pregnancy.
A)True
B)False
43
Development of the mammary gland requires the permissive effects of estrogen.
A)True
B)False





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