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Multiple Choice
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1
In yeast, the CDC28 gene controls progression through 'start' at the end of G0 in the cell cycle.
A)True.
B)False.
2
In its active form, the RAS protein is associated with ATP.
A)True.
B)False.
3
Sporadic cancer does not occur in families with a history of cancer.
A)True.
B)False.
4
Tumor cells removed from an individual with retinoblastoma can be homozygous for a deletion of the RB gene.
A)True.
B)False.
5
In Saccharomyces cerevisiae, the RAD9 protein inhibits progression of the cell cycle into mitosis in response to DNA damage.
A)True.
B)False.
6
Molecules that induce proliferation are:
A)growth factors
B)receptors
C)cyclins
D)nuclear lamins
E)checkpoints
7
Controls that tie the integrity of the genome with progression through division are known as:
A)growth factors
B)receptors
C)cyclins
D)nuclear lamins
E)checkpoints
8
Activity of CDKs is mediated by:
A)growth factors
B)receptors
C)cyclins
D)nuclear lamins
E)checkpoints
9
Extracellular signals are transduced in part by:
A)growth factors
B)receptors
C)cyclins
D)nuclear lamins
E)checkpoints
10
Protein whose assembly are dependent on phosphorylation status are:
A)growth factors
B)receptors
C)cyclins
D)nuclear lamins
E)checkpoints
11
Cancer cells can proliferate, in part, by escaping:
A)autocrine stimulation
B)metastasis
C)angiogenesis
D)clonal replication
E)apoptosis
12
Colonization of distal sites by cancer cells is known as:
A)autocrine stimulation
B)metastasis
C)angiogenesis
D)clonal replication
E)apoptosis
13
The relative uniformity of mutations within any one tumor is a consequence of:
A)autocrine stimulation
B)metastasis
C)angiogenesis
D)clonal replication
E)apoptosis
14
Larger solid tumors recruit blood vessels in the process of:
A)autocrine stimulation
B)metastasis
C)angiogenesis
D)clonal replication
E)apoptosis
15
Cancer cells can become independent of external growth factors by way of:
A)autocrine stimulation
B)metastasis
C)angiogenesis
D)clonal replication
E)apoptosis
16
p21 protein is an example of a(n):
A)tumor suppressor gene
B)oncogene
C)protooncogene
D)CDK inhibitor
E)cyclin-dependent kinase
17
Wild-type genes that can cause cancer through a gain-of-function mutation are:
A)tumor suppressor genes
B)oncogenes
C)protooncogenes
D)CDK inhibitors
E)cyclin-dependent kinases
18
Wild-type genes that can cause cancer through a loss-of-function mutation are:
A)tumor suppressor genes
B)oncogenes
C)protooncogenes
D)CDK inhibitors
E)cyclin-dependent kinases
19
Proteins that phosphorylate transcription factors are:
A)tumor suppressor genes
B)oncogenes
C)protooncogenes
D)CDK inhibitors
E)cyclin-dependent kinases
20
The Human Papilloma Virus E6 and E7 genes exemplify:
A)tumor suppressor genes
B)oncogenes
C)protooncogenes
D)CDK inhibitors
E)cyclin-dependent kinases
21
The yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae is particularly useful for genetic analysis of cell cycle control because:
A)it divides rapidly
B)mutant cells show visible cell cycle defects
C)reproduction by budding allows easy identification of stage in cell cycle
D)conditional mutants can be isolated
E)all of above
22
The cells in a population of yeast cells in which all members of the population have a temperature-sensitive mutation in CDC28 will _________ at the ___________ temperature.
A)vary in morphology; permissive
B)appear uniform; permissive
C)appear uniform; restrictive
D)vary in morphology; restrictive
E)a & c
23
Order the following events in the yeast cell cycle:
  1. lamin
  2. phosphorylation
  3. CDC2 dephosphorylation
  4. DNA synthesis
  5. chromosome segregation
  6. DNA repair of damage sustained during G1

A)DCEAB
B)ECBAD
C)EABCD
D)BCEAD
E)ABCED
24
Damage to DNA or kinetochores can result in:
A)arrest at G2-to-M
B)arrest at G1-to-S
C)arrest during mitosis
D)a & b
E)all of the above
25
Which of the following is a common consequence of mutations that eliminate cell-cycle checkpoints?
A)increased DNA repair
B)decreased frequency of cell division
C)arrest
D)aneuploidy
E)decreased mutation
26
Sporadic cancer arises from __________; familial cancer arises from _________.
A)somatic mutations; germline mutations
B)somatic mutations; germline and somatic mutations
C)germline mutations; somatic mutations
D)stem cell mutations; somatic mutations
E)germline mutations; stem cell mutations
27
The cells in a tumor are described as 'clonally derived.' This means:
A)they are identical in all ways
B)they have identical karyotypes
C)they arose from one cell
D)they arose from many cells
E)they arose from syngamy
28
Order the following steps in the isolation of temperature-sensitive cell cycle mutants in yeast:
  1. replica plate
  2. expose haploid cells to mutagen
  3. incubate one plate at permissive temperature and one plate at restrictive temperature
  4. identify colonies that grow at permissive temperature, but not restrictive temperature
  5. plate at permissive temperature and allow colonies to form

A)BEACD
B)BACED
C)EBCAD
D)DECBA
E)BCAED
29
If a yeast cdc28 mutant arrests as unbudded cells and a cdc7 mutant arrests as budded cells after a shift from permissive to restrictive temperature, what will the phenotype of the double mutant be at restrictive temperature if the cdc28 gene product acts before the cdc7 gene product in the cell cycle?
A)arrests as budded cells
B)arrests as unbudded cells
C)arrests as a mixture of budded and unbudded cells
D)lethal
E)wild-type (cells in various stages of the cell cycle)





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