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| 1 | |
The _____________ layer of the alimentary canal contains loose connective tissue, glands, blood and lymphatic vessels, and nerves. |
| | A) | mucosa |
| | B) | submucosa |
| | C) | muscular layer |
| | D) | serosa |
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| 2 | |
Activities of the digestive system are generally increased by _________________ nervous stimulation. |
| | A) | sympathetic |
| | B) | parasympathetic |
| | C) | somatic |
| | D) | autonomic |
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| 3 | |
The purpose of the soft palate is to __________________. |
| | A) | house extra taste buds |
| | B) | sense temperature of food before it is swallowed |
| | C) | produce saliva and enzymatic secretions |
| | D) | close off the nasal cavity during swallowing |
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| 4 | |
Compared to the others listed below, which type of tooth is more likely to be involved in grinding food? |
| | A) | incisor |
| | B) | cuspid |
| | C) | premolar |
| | D) | molar |
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| 5 | |
What mouth part helps to mix food with saliva, moves food toward the pharynx for swallowing, and houses taste receptor cells? |
| | A) | lips |
| | B) | palate |
| | C) | tongue |
| | D) | cheeks |
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| 6 | |
Which salivary glands produce the most viscous saliva with lots of mucus? |
| | A) | sublingual glands |
| | B) | submandibular glands |
| | C) | parotid glands |
| | D) | serous cells |
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| 7 | |
What initiates the swallowing reflex? |
| | A) | fear of choking on food |
| | B) | the tongue rolling the bolus to the pharynx |
| | C) | sensory receptors detecting the bolus in the pharynx |
| | D) | secretion of saliva at the thought of food |
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| 8 | |
The main part of the stomach is the _______________ of the stomach. |
| | A) | cardiac region |
| | B) | fundic region |
| | C) | body |
| | D) | pyloric region |
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| 9 | |
Intrinsic factor is secreted by which cells of the gastric glands? |
| | A) | mucous cells |
| | B) | chief cells |
| | C) | peptic cells |
| | D) | parietal cells |
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| 10 | |
During which stage of gastric secretion do gastric glands actually begin secreting gastric juice? |
| | A) | cephalic phase |
| | B) | gastric phase |
| | C) | intestinal phase |
| | D) | enterogastric reflex |
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| 11 | |
The pancreas secretes enzymes that enter the small intestine and chemically digest chyme. Choose the enzyme(s) that break(s) down fats. |
| | A) | carboxypeptidase |
| | B) | pancreatic lipase |
| | C) | trypsinogen |
| | D) | pancreatic amylase |
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| 12 | |
What hormone does the small intestine release in response to acidic chyme? |
| | A) | cholecystokinin |
| | B) | secretin |
| | C) | digestin |
| | D) | gastrin |
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| 13 | |
What is the primary purpose of the liver in aiding digestion? |
| | A) | produces digestive enzymes |
| | B) | produces alkaline solution to neutralize stomach acidity |
| | C) | produces bile to emulsify fats in the small intestine |
| | D) | produces substances that aid the large intestine in water absorption |
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| 14 | |
How are the components of fats absorbed in the small intestine? |
| | A) | Specific receptor proteins carry fatty acids across the intestinal wall and into the bloodstream. |
| | B) | Fatty acids are transported by active transport to the bloodstream. |
| | C) | Components of lipids diffuse through small intestinal cell membranes, are reconstructed in the cells, then carried off by lacteals as chylomicrons. |
| | D) | Components of lipids diffuse through small intestinal cell membranes and into the bloodstream where they are carried to the liver for processing. |
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| 15 | |
What is the primary function of the large intestine? |
| | A) | to complete the absorption of most nutrients |
| | B) | to house gas-producing bacteria |
| | C) | to rid the body of toxins |
| | D) | to compact, store, and eliminate feces |
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| 16 | |
Where does the greatest amount of digestion occur? |
| | A) | small intestine |
| | B) | stomach |
| | C) | large intestine |
| | D) | liver |
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| 17 | |
Which term does not belong with the others? |
| | A) | teeth |
| | B) | mastication |
| | C) | esophagus |
| | D) | tongue |
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| 18 | |
Which gland is closest to the joint between the mandible and temporal bone? |
| | A) | sublingual |
| | B) | pancreas |
| | C) | submaxillary |
| | D) | parotid |
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| 19 | |
The portion of a tooth below the gums is the _____. |
| | A) | dentin |
| | B) | crown |
| | C) | root |
| | D) | pulp |
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| 20 | |
The enzyme salivary amylase begins to digest which molecules? |
| | A) | proteins |
| | B) | carbohydrates |
| | C) | lipids |
| | D) | nucleic acids |
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| 21 | |
Where are the palatine tonsils located? |
| | A) | larynx |
| | B) | pharynx |
| | C) | trachea |
| | D) | esophagus |
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| 22 | |
The surface area of the stomach is enhanced by the presence of folds called _____. |
| | A) | rugae |
| | B) | villi |
| | C) | microvilli |
| | D) | plicae |
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| 23 | |
Where would the least amount of bacteria be found? |
| | A) | small intestine |
| | B) | colon |
| | C) | stomach |
| | D) | pharynx |
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| 24 | |
What normally holds the intestines in position within the abdominal cavity? |
| | A) | mesentery |
| | B) | gravity |
| | C) | adipose |
| | D) | stomach muscles |
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| 25 | |
The pancreatic duct connects to what part of the digestive tube? |
| | A) | jejunum |
| | B) | liver |
| | C) | ileum |
| | D) | duodenum |
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| 26 | |
Which of these does not directly promote the hydrolysis of food? |
| | A) | villi |
| | B) | microvilli |
| | C) | submucosa |
| | D) | mucosa |
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| 27 | |
The outer layer of the intestines is the ____ |
| | A) | mucosa |
| | B) | serosa |
| | C) | submucosa |
| | D) | muscularis |
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| 28 | |
Where are the lacteals located? |
| | A) | liver |
| | B) | pancreas |
| | C) | small intestine |
| | D) | large intestine |
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| 29 | |
The appendix is attached to which of the following structures? |
| | A) | transverse colon |
| | B) | descending colon |
| | C) | ascending colon |
| | D) | cecum |
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| 30 | |
Which of these vitamins is formed by bacteria in the colon? |
| | A) | C |
| | B) | D |
| | C) | B6 |
| | D) | K |
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