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| 1 | |
What is the basic structural unit of the body? |
| | A) | tissue |
| | B) | organ |
| | C) | organelle |
| | D) | cell |
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| 2 | |
Which of the following are the smallest cells? |
| | A) | human ovum |
| | B) | red blood cell |
| | C) | white blood cell |
| | D) | smooth muscle cell |
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| 3 | |
Two major parts of a cell are the nucleus and _____. |
| | A) | membrane |
| | B) | organelle |
| | C) | reticulum |
| | D) | mitochondrion |
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| 4 | |
A ribosome is an example of a _____. |
| | A) | nuclear membrane |
| | B) | organelle |
| | C) | inclusion |
| | D) | protein |
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| 5 | |
A cell membrane allows only needed substances to pass and is therefore called _____. |
| | A) | permeable |
| | B) | passive |
| | C) | active |
| | D) | selective |
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| 6 | |
A human cell membrane is comprised of the following except which one? |
| | A) | lipids |
| | B) | proteins |
| | C) | carbohydrates |
| | D) | nucleic acids |
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| 7 | |
The following terms belong together except which one? |
| | A) | protein |
| | B) | phospholipid |
| | C) | hydrophilic ends |
| | D) | hydrophobic ends |
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| 8 | |
The following molecules freely pass through a cell membrane except which one? |
| | A) | oxygen |
| | B) | carbon dioxide |
| | C) | amino acids |
| | D) | certain lipids |
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| 9 | |
Hormones come in contact with the _____ molecules in a membrane. |
| | A) | lipid |
| | B) | rod-like protein |
| | C) | globular protein |
| | D) | integral protein |
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| 10 | |
The selective movement of ions through a membrane occurs through areas called _____. |
| | A) | pores |
| | B) | peripheral protein regions |
| | C) | channels |
| | D) | receptors |
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| 11 | |
The _____ proteins in a membrane function as enzymes. |
| | A) | peripheral |
| | B) | structural |
| | C) | integral |
| | D) | rod-like |
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| 12 | |
The cells in heart muscle are often held together by areas called _____. |
| | A) | desmosomes |
| | B) | tight junctions |
| | C) | gap junctions |
| | D) | intercellular fluid |
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| 13 | |
The inside lining of the digestive tract is lined with cells that are held together by _____. |
| | A) | gap junctions |
| | B) | tight junctions |
| | C) | connective tissue |
| | D) | desmosomes |
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| 14 | |
The _____ contains enzymes that are associated with protein synthesis. |
| | A) | mitochondrion |
| | B) | ribosome |
| | C) | lysosome |
| | D) | Golgi body |
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| 15 | |
The _____ functions to package molecules into vesicles that can be transported out of a cell. |
| | A) | ribosome |
| | B) | nucleus |
| | C) | Golgi apparatus |
| | D) | centriole apparatus |
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| 16 | |
A combination of a sugar with a protein is a _____. |
| | A) | lipoprotein |
| | B) | glycoprotein |
| | C) | complex protein |
| | D) | nuclear protein |
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| 17 | |
The _____ functions as a sac-like or tubular network of structures that provides transport. |
| | A) | ribosome |
| | B) | lysosome |
| | C) | endoplasmic reticulum |
| | D) | centriole microtubules |
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| 18 | |
The _____ is the source of most of the cellular energy. |
| | A) | ribosome |
| | B) | cytosol |
| | C) | mitochondrion |
| | D) | lysosome |
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| 19 | |
The cristae are the inner portions of the _____. |
| | A) | mitochondria |
| | B) | ribosome |
| | C) | inclusion bodies |
| | D) | centrosome |
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| 20 | |
The _____ contain enzymes that are used to degrade foreign particles as well as cell structures. |
| | A) | centrioles |
| | B) | lysosomes |
| | C) | peroxisomes |
| | D) | mitochondria |
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| 21 | |
Catalase is an enzyme, which degrades _____. |
| | A) | hydrogen peroxide |
| | B) | cell membranes |
| | C) | bacteria |
| | D) | peroxidase |
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| 22 | |
The _____ is the organelle that plays a complex function in cell reproduction. |
| | A) | centriole |
| | B) | centrosome |
| | C) | chromosome |
| | D) | lysosome |
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| 23 | |
The structures that cause fluids and mucus to move across their surface are the _____. |
| | A) | flagella |
| | B) | basal bodies |
| | C) | cilia |
| | D) | microfilaments |
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| 24 | |
Flagella can occur on the cells of the following except: |
| | A) | sperm |
| | B) | kidneys |
| | C) | intestine |
| | D) | testes |
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| 25 | |
Membranous sacs that contain fluids or particles for transport are called the _____. |
| | A) | microtubules |
| | B) | microfilaments |
| | C) | vesicles |
| | D) | inclusion bodies |
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| 26 | |
The protein actin is found in _____, which results in some type of movement or contraction. |
| | A) | Golgi bodies |
| | B) | microfilaments |
| | C) | microtubules |
| | D) | cilia |
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| 27 | |
The following belong together except which one? |
| | A) | microtubule |
| | B) | microfilament |
| | C) | aid in DNA movement |
| | D) | comprise an internal skeleton |
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| 28 | |
What is the term for chemical particles in a cell which appear lifeless and have no obvious function? |
| | A) | inclusion |
| | B) | organelle |
| | C) | vesicle |
| | D) | macromolecule |
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| 29 | |
The following are inclusions except which one? |
| | A) | glycogen |
| | B) | melanin |
| | C) | lipids |
| | D) | vesicles |
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| 30 | |
The movement of particles from higher to lower concentration is termed _____. |
| | A) | active transport |
| | B) | dialysis |
| | C) | diffusion |
| | D) | osmosis |
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| 31 | |
The following will increase the rate of diffusion except which factor? |
| | A) | increased temperature |
| | B) | increased concentration |
| | C) | increased molecular weight |
| | D) | shorter distances |
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| 32 | |
Movement of particles from higher to lower concentrations through a membrane, such as in dialysis, occurs by _____. |
| | A) | diffusion |
| | B) | active transport |
| | C) | osmosis |
| | D) | filtration |
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| 33 | |
Insulin usually increases the movement of glucose through a cell membrane by a process called _____. |
| | A) | facilitation diffusion |
| | B) | osmosis |
| | C) | active transport |
| | D) | pinocytosis |
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| 34 | |
Membranes that have a higher osmotic pressure on one side, tend to _____. |
| | A) | repel water |
| | B) | draw water towards that side |
| | C) | repel water from that side |
| | D) | stop the movement of water |
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| 35 | |
Hypertonic solutions tend to causes cells to _____. |
| | A) | burst |
| | B) | increase in diameter |
| | C) | shrink |
| | D) | intake water |
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| 36 | |
Normal isotonic sodium chloride solution is _____%. |
| | A) | 10 |
| | B) | 0.9 |
| | C) | 5 |
| | D) | 12 |
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| 37 | |
The movement of a salt through a membrane, such as in a kidney, because of pressure differences is _____. |
| | A) | filtration |
| | B) | dialysis |
| | C) | diffusion |
| | D) | active transport |
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| 38 | |
Hydrostatic refers to pressure of _____. |
| | A) | salts |
| | B) | the membrane |
| | C) | solutes |
| | D) | the solvent |
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| 39 | |
Movement of molecules from low to high concentrations is _____. |
| | A) | facilitated diffusion |
| | B) | active transport |
| | C) | passive transport |
| | D) | dialysis |
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| 40 | |
The ability of leukocytes to engulf bacteria is due to the process of _____. |
| | A) | phagocytosis |
| | B) | pinocytosis |
| | C) | endocytosis |
| | D) | receptor-mediated endocytosis |
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| 41 | |
In receptor-mediated endocytosis, an LDL particle of cholesterol is attracted to cells that contain _____. |
| | A) | lipoproteins |
| | B) | apoprotein-B receptors |
| | C) | HDL |
| | D) | cholesterol |
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| 42 | |
During mitosis, the number of chromosomes _____. |
| | A) | remains the same |
| | B) | is doubled |
| | C) | is cut in half |
| | D) | changes to 46 |
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| 43 | |
The process that divides the cytoplasm in half, is specifically termed _____. |
| | A) | karyokinesis |
| | B) | cytokinesis |
| | C) | mitosis |
| | D) | meiosis |
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| 44 | |
The process that results in daughter cells with half of the original chromosome number is _____. |
| | A) | mitosis |
| | B) | prophase |
| | C) | meiosis |
| | D) | karyokinesis |
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| 45 | |
At which stages does the chromosome number double? |
| | A) | prophase |
| | B) | metaphase |
| | C) | interphase |
| | D) | telophase |
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| 46 | |
Chromosomes are aligned along the equatorial line during the _____ stage of division. |
| | A) | prophase |
| | B) | metaphase |
| | C) | anaphase |
| | D) | telophase |
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| 47 | |
The _____ stages occurs when two daughter cells have completely formed. |
| | A) | interphase |
| | B) | prophase |
| | C) | metaphase |
| | D) | telophase |
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| 48 | |
Two chromatids are attached at the _____ region. |
| | A) | terminal |
| | B) | centromere |
| | C) | centrosome |
| | D) | centriole |
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| 49 | |
The centromeres divide during the _____ stage of mitosis. |
| | A) | prophase |
| | B) | metaphase |
| | C) | anaphase |
| | D) | telophase |
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| 50 | |
The process of _____ explains how embryonic cells become specialized and diverse. |
| | A) | mitosis |
| | B) | meiosis |
| | C) | interphase |
| | D) | differentiation |
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| 51 | |
The main division process in the early embryo is _____. |
| | A) | mitosis |
| | B) | meiosis |
| | C) | karyokinesis |
| | D) | metastasis |
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| 52 | |
Cancer cells can disseminate to other areas by a process called _____. |
| | A) | metaphase |
| | B) | anaplasia |
| | C) | hyperplasia |
| | D) | metastasis |
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| 53 | |
During hyperplasia, cells are dividing at a rapid rate and may progress towards a _____ state. |
| | A) | cancerous |
| | B) | hypertrophy |
| | C) | metaplasia |
| | D) | metastasis |
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| 54 | |
Which channel-blocker medication can be used to treat hypertension or angina pectoris? |
| | A) | sodium |
| | B) | calcium |
| | C) | potassium |
| | D) | chloride |
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| 55 | |
What type of cell is a bacterium? |
| | A) | eukaryotic |
| | B) | archaeal |
| | C) | prokaryotic |
| | D) | viroid |
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