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Practice Quizzing
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1

The release of PCBs into the Hudson River by General Electric Company resulted in the shutdown of a $40 million fishing industry and an increase in the threat of cancer, thyroid disease, and reproductive abnormalities. (p. 2)
A)True
B)False
2

The greatest challenge to solving current environmental problems is not finding remedies but making the remedies socially, politically, and economically acceptable. (p. 4)
A)True
B)False
3

Which of the following best describes parsimony or “Ockham’s Razor?” (p. 5)
A)Science can never provide absolute proof that a theory is correct.
B)The forces at work in the natural world now are the same as those that shaped the world in the past and in the future.
C)Always choose the simplest explanation for a phenomenon whenever possible.
D)Science can help find practical solutions to problems.
4

Francis Bacon is credited with inventing calculus and pioneering studies in optics and astronomy. (p. 5)
A)True
B)False
5

Experiments in which neither the participant nor the experimenter knows which is the experimental treatment and which is the control is called a _______. (p. 6)
A)blind experiment
B)double blind experiment
C)controlled study
D)none of the above
6

Inductive reasoning is often thought of as “top-down” reasoning, whereas deductive reasoning is often referred to as “bottom-up” reasoning. (p. 7)
A)True
B)False
7

True “scientific theories” are speculative hypotheses that are unsupported by facts. (p. 8)
A)True
B)False
8

The long-held theory that Noah’s flood shaped the geologic formations of the modern earth is an example of _______. (p. 10)
A)a paradigm
B)parsimony
C)logical thinking
D)utilitarian conservation
9

Reflective thinking is often used to dissect a problem into more-easily understood or smaller elements. (p. 11)
A)True
B)False
10

The greatest criticism of Lomborg’s The Skeptical Environmentalist is that the author uses secondary literature and media articles rather than peer-reviewed articles. (p. 12)
A)True
B)False
11

Which of the following is NOT a step in critical thinking? (p. 13)
A)recognizing and assessing assumptions
B)recognizing and understanding conceptual frameworks
C)identifying and evaluating premises
D)none of the above
E)a and c are correct
12

The process of separating and analyzing textual components of an argument is called ________. (p. 14)
A)logical thinking
B)probability
C)remediation
D)unpacking
13

The founder of utilitarian conservation, Gifford Pinchot, believed that natural resources should be used and developed. (p. 15)
A)True
B)False
14

Which of the following authors alerted readers to the dangers associated with the indiscriminate use of pesticides? (p. 16)
A)John Muir
B)Teddy Roosevelt
C)Rachel Carson
D)Barbara Ward
15

The greatest increases in human population over the next decade are expected to take place in well-developed nations. (p. 17)
A)True
B)False
16

The United States has less than 5 percent of the world population but produces one-quarter to one-half of the industrial waste. (p. 21)
A)True
B)False
17

The process of bettering people’s lives over many generations, rather than just a few years is called ________. (p. 21)
A)sustainable development
B)technological optimism
C)restoration ecology
D)none of the above





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