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Chapter 49: Maintaining the Internal Environment



49.1 The regulatory systems of the body maintain homeostasis. (Page 1040)
http://www.mhhe.com/biosci/genbio/espv2/data/animals/001/index.html

Examine the following sections:
Animals/Body Organization/Homeostasis
6.11 Introduction
6.12 Blood Pressure
The Need to Maintain Homeostasis. (Page 1040)
Antagonistic Effectors and Positive Feedback. (Page 1043)

49.2 The extracellular fluid concentration is constant in most vertebrates. (Page 1044)
http://www.mhhe.com/biosci/genbio/espv2/data/animals/009/index.html

Examine the following sections:
Animals/Osmoregulation/Introduction
6.231 Isotonicity
6.232 Osmoconformers
6.233 Gills
6.234 Excretory Organs
6.235 Osmoregulatory Structures

http://www.mhhe.com/biosci/genbio/espv2/data/animals/009/index.html

Examine the following sections:
Animals/Osmoregulation/Nitrogenous Wastes
6.236 Introduction
6.237 Nitrogenous Waste Excretion
Osmolality and Osmotic Balance. (Page 1044)
Osmoregulatory Organs. (Page 1046)
Evolution of the Vertebrate Kidney. (Page 1048)
Ammonia, Urea, and Uric Acid. (Page 1051)

49.3 The functions of the vertebrate kidney are performed by nephrons. (Page 1052)
http://www.mhhe.com/biosci/genbio/espv2/data/animals/009/index.html

Examine the following sections:
Animals/Osmoregulation/Human Excretion
6.238 Introduction
6.239 Renal Cortex
6.240 Nephron
6.241 Renal Artery
6.242 Nephron Circulation
6.243 Glomerular Capillaries
Animals/Osmoregulation/Kidney Function
6.244 Introduction
6.245 Urine Formation Summary
6.246 Kidney
6.247 Filtrate Production
6.248 Renal Tubes
6.249 Collecting Duct
6.250 Juxtaglomerular Apparatus
The Mammalian Kidney. (Page 1052)
Transport Processes in the Mammalian Nephron. (Page 1055)
Hormones Control Osmoregulatory Functions. (Page 1057)







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