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1 | |
Acorn worms are members of the class |
| | A) | Pterobranchia. |
| | B) | Enteropneusta. |
| | C) | Urochordata. |
| | D) | Osteichthyes. |
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2 | |
All members of the class Enteropneusta share the following characteristic with the Chordata. |
| | A) | notochord |
| | B) | pharyngeal slits |
| | C) | dorsal tubular nerve cord |
| | D) | postanal tail |
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3 | |
Members of the class ______ use ciliated tentacles in filter feeding; usually live in secreted tubes in asexually produced colonies; and possess an expanded, shield-like proboscis. They live in deep oceanic water of the Southern Hemisphere. |
| | A) | Pterobranchia |
| | B) | Enteropneusta |
| | C) | Urochordata |
| | D) | Cephalochordata |
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4 | |
All of the following are characteristics of members of the phylum Chordata except one. Select the exception. |
| | A) | endostyle or thyroid gland |
| | B) | complete digestive tract |
| | C) | dorsal contractile blood vessel or heart |
| | D) | postanal tail |
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5 | |
All of the following are unique to members of the phylum Chordata except one. Select the exception. |
| | A) | notochord |
| | B) | pharyngeal slits |
| | C) | ventral nerve cord |
| | D) | postanal tail |
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6 | |
Tunicates or sea squirts are members of the chordate subphylum |
| | A) | Urochordata. |
| | B) | Cephalochordata. |
| | C) | Enteropneusta. |
| | D) | Pterobranchia. |
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7 | |
All of the following are characteristics of tunicates except one. Select the exception. |
| | A) | enlarged pharynx with pharyngeal slits |
| | B) | oral and atrial siphons |
| | C) | secreted tunic containing proteins, salts, and cellulose |
| | D) | oral cirri |
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8 | |
Which of the following chordate structures is a mucus-secreting, ciliated groove that is used for trapping food particles during filter feeding? |
| | A) | notochord |
| | B) | endostyle |
| | C) | midgut cecum |
| | D) | stigma |
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9 | |
Cephalochordates circulate blood by |
| | A) | a heart. |
| | B) | contractile vessels. |
| | C) | the endostyle. |
| | D) | the atriopore. |
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10 | |
Lancelets are members of the chordate subphylum |
| | A) | Urochordata. |
| | B) | Cephalochordata. |
| | C) | Vertebrata. |
| | D) | Osteichthyes. |
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11 | |
All of the following are true of lancelets except one. Select the exception. |
| | A) | They are dioecious, and external fertilization results in free-swimming larvae. |
| | B) | The body wall forms a large atrium around the pharynx. |
| | C) | They are relatively weak swimmers and spend most of their time partly buried in a filter-feeding position. |
| | D) | Their notochord is restricted to the tail region. |
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12 | |
Which of the following is an opening to the outside of the body of a cephalochordate through which water exits the body after passing through pharyngeal slits? |
| | A) | oral siphon |
| | B) | atrial siphon |
| | C) | atriopore |
| | D) | anus |
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13 | |
The development of sexual maturity in a larval body form is called |
| | A) | parthenogenesis. |
| | B) | coevolution. |
| | C) | paedomorphosis. |
| | D) | morphogenesis. |
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14 | |
Which of the following characters can be used to distinguish Urochordata from all other chordates? |
| | A) | pharyngeal basket |
| | B) | endostyle |
| | C) | postanal tail |
| | D) | buccal apparatus |
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15 | |
Paedomorphosis may help explain the evolutionary origin of the ______ from the ______. |
| | A) | Urochordata/Cephalochordata |
| | B) | motile chordates/sessile ancestors |
| | C) | sessile chordates/motile ancestors |
| | D) | Urochordata/Hemichordata |
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16 | |
Animals in the phyla Hemichordata and Chordata share protostomate characteristics with echinoderms. |
| | A) | True |
| | B) | False |
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17 | |
A tornaria larva is planktonic. As it matures, it settles to the substrate and grows into an adult pterobranch. |
| | A) | True |
| | B) | False |
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18 | |
The pharyngeal slits were used by earliest chordates for gas exchange. In many later chordates, they have become adapted for filter feeding. |
| | A) | True |
| | B) | False |
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19 | |
Larval tunicates are planktonic and tadpole-like. Even though the adult tunicates are initially difficult to recognize as members of the phylum Chordata, the larvae possess all four unique chordate characteristics. |
| | A) | True |
| | B) | False |
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20 | |
The notochord of members of the subphylum Cephalochordata is unique in that it is partly composed of muscle cells and is somewhat contractile. |
| | A) | True |
| | B) | False |
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21 | |
The oral siphon of a tunicate carries water, undigested food wastes, and gametes out of the tunicate's body. |
| | A) | True |
| | B) | False |
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22 | |
The atrium of cephalochordates is a diverticulum off the gut that extends anteriorly. It ends blindly and secretes digestive enzymes. |
| | A) | True |
| | B) | False |
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23 | |
Hemichordates, echinoderms, and chordates share structures that indicate that they most likely share a diploblastic or triploblastic ancestor. |
| | A) | True |
| | B) | False |
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24 | |
The notochord, postanal tail, and endostyle are important characteristics that distinguish the Hemichordata and Chordata. |
| | A) | True |
| | B) | False |
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