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1 | |
The "Hypodermic Needle" model proposes that mass media have __________ effects. |
| | A) | Strong |
| | B) | Moderate |
| | C) | Limited |
| | D) | No |
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2 | |
Which of the following is not a gratification sought and obtained from the media, according to Uses and Gratifications Theory? |
| | A) | Information |
| | B) | Social interaction |
| | C) | Satisfaction |
| | D) | Entertainment |
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3 | |
A dependency relationship is one in which the satisfaction of needs or the attainment of goals by one party is contingent upon: |
| | A) | The resources of another party |
| | B) | The probability of achieving those goals |
| | C) | The strength of the needs |
| | D) | The historical and situational context |
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4 | |
The concept of learning through observation and imitation was first proposed in the psychological literature of: |
| | A) | N.E. Miller and Dollard. |
| | B) | Albert Bandura. |
| | C) | Baran and Davis. |
| | D) | John B. Watson. |
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5 | |
The key concept in social cognitive theory is the notion of: |
| | A) | cognitive learning. |
| | B) | observational learning. |
| | C) | social learning. |
| | D) | individual differences. |
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6 | |
__________ suggest that when we see models being rewarded and punished, we come to expect the same outcomes if we perform the same behavior. |
| | A) | Identifications |
| | B) | Self-efficacy theories |
| | C) | Inhibitory effects |
| | D) | Outcome expectations |
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7 | |
In the gratification process, there are three ways in which audience activity facilitates media contact and effects. They are: |
| | A) | selectivity, attention, and involvement |
| | B) | attention, motivation, and activity |
| | C) | involvement, selectivity, and reaction |
| | D) | preparation, execution, evaluation |
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8 | |
According to __________, "Mass communication research seldom follows a programmatic approach, holding back the pace of theoretical development." |
| | A) | Ruggueri |
| | B) | DeFleur |
| | C) | Swanson |
| | D) | Rubin |
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9 | |
__________ believes that "each of us is a theorist" and that a key for understanding theory is "to look not only for how one theory is different from another, but also look for how they are alike." |
| | A) | Sandra Ball-Rokeach |
| | B) | John B. Watson |
| | C) | Elihu Katz |
| | D) | B.F. Skinner |
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10 | |
Early applications of __________ have looked primarily at audience-media dependencies. |
| | A) | uses and gratifications theory |
| | B) | MSD (media systems dependency theory) |
| | C) | social cognitive theory |
| | D) | expectancy violations theory |
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