Please answer all questions.

1			Essential nutrients
			A)	are nutrients that the body can manufacture from other molecules.
			B)	include most vitamins, minerals, and water.
			C)	are usually synthesized in the liver.
			D)	are essential because they provide large numbers of calories.
			E)	include all fats, carbohydrates, and proteins.
2			Each gram of carbohydrate or protein metabolized by the body releases about _____ kcal of energy, whereas each gram of fat metabolized by the body releases about _____ kcal.
			A)	4,5
			B)	4,6
			C)	6,9
			D)	4,9
			E)	9,4
3			Cellulose
			A)	is composed of long chains of sucrose.
			B)	is an energy-storage molecule in plants.
			C)	is easily digested by humans.
			D)	provides fiber, or "roughage" in the diet.
			E)	is converted to glycogen in the small intestine.
4			Which of these foods does NOT contain cholesterol?
			A)	liver
			B)	butter
			C)	cheese
			D)	eggs
			E)	molasses
5			There are ______ amino acids in proteins, and ______ are considered to be essential amino acids.
			A)	30, 12
			B)	20, 12
			C)	20, 9
			D)	12, 9
			E)	12, 4
6			Vitamins
			A)	function as coenzymes in the body.
			B)	can have their chemical structures destroyed by heat.
			C)	can be manufactured in the body from provitamins.
			D)	such as A, D, E, and K are fat-soluble vitamins.
			E)	all of these
7			The energy currency of the cell is
			A)	fats.
			B)	ATP.
			C)	ADP.
			D)	enzymes.
			E)	vitamins.
8			Anaerobic respiration produces ______ ATP and 2 ______ per glucose.
			A)	38, carbon dioxide and water
			B)	38, lactic acid
			C)	2, carbon dioxide and water
			D)	2, lactic acid
9			Given these phases of aerobic respiration: 1. acetyl-coenzyme A formation 2. citric acid cycle 3. electron-transport chain 4. glycolysis, List the phases in order, starting with a molecule of glucose.
			A)	1,4,2,3
			B)	2,1,4,3
			C)	3,2,4,1
			D)	3,4,1,2
			E)	4,1,2,3
10			During the absorptive state,
			A)	fats are used as an energy source.
			B)	glucose is converted into glycogen or fats.
			C)	fatty acids are converted to acetyl-CoA.
			D)	acetyl-CoA is used to produce ketone bodies in the liver.
			E)	proteins are metabolized or converted into glucose.
11			Molecules that are used in the electron-transport chain to generate additional ATP are
			A)	NADH and FADH2.
			B)	glucose and ketone bodies.
			C)	pyruvic acid and lactic acid.
			D)	glucose and pyruvic acid.
			E)	acetyl-CoA and amino acids.
12			Which of these is NOT a function of minerals in the body?
			A)	acting as coenzymes
			B)	adding mechanical strength to bones and teeth
			C)	acting as buffers
			D)	acting as a regulator of osmotic pressure
			E)	acting as a source of energy
13			One pound of body fat is equal to about
			A)	4.825 kcal.
			B)	270 kcal.
			C)	2700 kcal.
			D)	3500 kcal.
			E)	6000 kcal.
14			The gain or loss of heat as infrared energy between two objects that are not in physical contact with each other is called
			A)	convection.
			B)	evaporation.
			C)	radiation.
			D)	conduction.
15			For long-term storage, glucose is converted to ______ , while for short-term storage, glucose is converted to ______.
			A)	fat, glycogen
			B)	glycogen, ketone bodies
			C)	glycogen, protein
			D)	pyruvic acid, fat
			E)	fat, pyruvic acid
16			Which of the following is NOT a lipid?
			A)	Triacylglycerides
			B)	Glycerol
			C)	Steroids
			D)	Fat-soluble vitamins
			E)	Phospholipids
17			According to the Dietary Guidelines Advisory Committee, the Acceptable Macronutrient Distribution Range (AMDR) for adults for carbohydrates is _____ of total kilocalories, _____ of total kilocalories for proteins, and ______ of total kilocalories for fats.
			A)	45%-65%; 10%-35%; 20%-35%
			B)	45%-65%; 20%-35%; 10%-35%
			C)	20%-35%; 10%-35%; 45%-65%
			D)	20%-35%; 45%-65%; 10%-35%
			E)	10%-35%; 45%-65%; 20%-35%
18			The ________ is defined as the energy required to raise the temperature of 1000g of water from 14oC to 15oC.
			A)	basal metabolic rate
			B)	calorie
			C)	kilocalorie
			D)	RDA
			E)	RDI