Choose the best answer.

1		Which researcher discovered the basic principles of genetics?
			A)	Gregor Mendel
			B)	Charles Darwin
			C)	Carolus Linnaeus
			D)	Alfred Wallace
			E)	Franz Boas
2		The process by which nature chooses the forms most fit to survive and reproduce is called:
			A)	evolution.
			B)	natural selection.
			C)	adaptation.
			D)	uniformitarianism.
			E)	Bergmann’s rule.
3		If two heterozygous organisms mate, the offspring will be:
			A)	dominant homozygous.
			B)	recessive homozygous.
			C)	a mix of dominant homozygous and heterozygous.
			D)	a mix of dominant homozygous, recessive homozygous, and heterozygous.
			E)	all heterozygous.
4		Sex cell production is known as:
			A)	zygote.
			B)	mitosis.
			C)	meiosis.
			D)	allele.
			E)	chromosome.
5		The mechanism of genetic evolution that spontaneously provides new genotypes is known as:
			A)	natural selection.
			B)	mutation.
			C)	random genetic drift.
			D)	gene flow.
			E)	variation.
6		The mechanism of genetic evolution that involves the exchange of genetic material between populations of the same species is:
			A)	natural selection.
			B)	mutation.
			C)	random genetic drift.
			D)	gene flow.
			E)	variation.
7		Small-scale change in allele frequencies over just a few generations is called
			A)	natural selection.
			B)	balanced polymorphism.
			C)	microevolution.
			D)	macroevolution.
			E)	random genetic drift.
8		The study of the Y chromosome of Jewish males, described in the text, indicated that:
			A)	Jewish communities have genetically integrated into Europe.
			B)	Jewish ancestors are closely related to sub-Saharan Africa.
			C)	Jews are closely related to Arabs.
			D)	There is just one major lineage among all European and Near Eastern Jews.
			E)	American Jews have genetically diverged from Israeli Jews.
9		A phenotype is
			A)	an organism's hereditary makeup.
			B)	an organism's evident traits.
			C)	a change in gene frequency within a breeding population.
			D)	a genetic trait masked by a dominant trait.
			E)	based on differential success in mating.
10		Ordinary cell division is known as:
			A)	zygote.
			B)	mitosis.
			C)	meiosis.
			D)	allele.
			E)	chromosome.
11		The mechanism of genetic evolution that increases the frequency of advantageous phenotypical traits through competition is known as:
			A)	natural selection.
			B)	mutation.
			C)	random genetic drift.
			D)	gene flow.
			E)	variation.
12		An estimated 4.5 million species were wiped out in a mass extinction that occurred 245 m.y.a. These species were mostly
			A)	invertebrates.
			B)	dinosaurs.
			C)	mammals.
			D)	bacteria.
			E)	hominids.
13		Which researcher proposed that natural selection was the mechanism behind evolution, and developed his ideas on a trip to the Galapagos Islands?
			A)	Gregor Mendel
			B)	Charles Darwin
			C)	Carolus Linnaeus
			D)	Alfred Wallace
			E)	Franz Boas
14		Creationists agree with all of the following theories except:
			A)	the Biblical account of Creation.
			B)	catastrophism.
			C)	classification.
			D)	transformism.
			E)	taxonomy.
15		The allele HbS:
			A)	is evenly distributed through the whole human population.
			B)	develops into fatal cases of sickle cell anemia in heterozygous form.
			C)	is neutral with regard to natural selection.
			D)	confers resistance to malaria in heterozygous form.
			E)	is always lethal.