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| 1 |  | 
What were the sources of mechanical power after 1000?
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| 2 |  | 
What were the new agricultural techniques developed in this period?
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| 3 |  | 
What factors led to the doubling of the population in Europe? What were the positive and negative results of the population expansion?
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| 4 |  | 
How did social, political, and economic conditions change for peasants in the High Middle Ages? Would you argue that their lives improved or declined?
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| 5 |  | 
What kinds of opportunities did medieval towns offer to peasants, women, and Jews? How did trade play a part in these opportunities?
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| 6 |  | 
What were charters and communes? How did guilds function in town life?
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| 7 |  | 
What were the major trade centers in medieval Europe? What kinds of goods were traded? What was the purpose of the Hanseatic League?
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| 8 |  | 
How were medieval castles designed? How did their design meet the requirements of both defense and daily life?
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| 9 |  | 
What were the ideals of chivalry? How did knights demonstrate these values during jousts?
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| 10 |  | 
What were Chansons de geste? What do they tell us about chivalric values?
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| 11 |  | 
Describe courtly love. What does the troubadour poetry tell us about relations between men and women?
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| 12 |  | 
Were medieval women oppressed? If so, by whom?
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| 13 |  | 
What sorts of agency could specific groups of medieval women exercise? In other words, how could women get and use power?
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