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| 1.
|  |  How did Muhammad's background influence his beliefs and the early development of Islam? |
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| 2.
|  |  What were the fundamental tenets of Islam? |
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| 3.
|  |  After Muhammad died, what were the challenges faced by dar al-Islam and how were they resolved within the first century? |
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| 4.
|  |  How did the Abbasids come to power, and how did their rule differ from the Umayyads? |
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| 5.
|  |  How did the growth of the realm of Islam contribute to agricultural, industrial, and urban development? |
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| 6.
|  |  What factors contributed to the expansion of Islamic overland and maritime trade? |
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| 7.
|  |  What was the status of women in the early centuries of Islam? |
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| 8.
|  |  What people and institutions helped to promote and spread the values of Islam? |
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| 9.
|  |  What is the significance of the hajj to Islamic religion and culture? |
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| 10.
|  |  How did Persia, India, and Greece influence the realm of Islam? |
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