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| 1.
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By the end of the nineteenth century, nationalistic movements resulted in independent sovereignty for all of the following except |
| | A) | Bulgaria. |
| | B) | Germany. |
| | C) | Greece. |
| | D) | Ireland. |
| | E) | Italy. |
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| 2.
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The assassination of Archduke Franz Ferdinand was the catalyst that started World War I because |
| | A) | he was a unifying force between Serbia and the Austro-Hungarian Empire. |
| | B) | his death caused Russia to rush to the defense of Austria. |
| | C) | his death caused Germany to rush to the defense of Serbia. |
| | D) | his death ended plans for national self-determination within the Austro-Hungarian Empire. |
| | E) | his death brought to a head the tensions underlying the alliances in eastern and western Europe. |
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| 3.
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The rivalry between Germany and Britain up to 1914 included |
| | A) | an expensive naval race. |
| | B) | competition for foreign markets. |
| | C) | tariff wars. |
| | D) | competition for colonies in east and southwest Africa. |
| | E) | all of the above. |
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| 4.
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Dreadnoughts were designed primarily |
| | A) | to be quick and agile and slip through an enemy blockade. |
| | B) | to spy on one's enemies. |
| | C) | to protect merchant shipping and conduct high-seas battles. |
| | D) | to launch underwater attacks with unmanned torpedoes. |
| | E) | all of the above. |
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| 5.
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The purpose of alliances such as the Triple Alliance and the Triple Entente was |
| | A) | to create a mutually advantageous free trade association. |
| | B) | to provide mutual defense and support in case of attack. |
| | C) | to cooperatively share resources in African colonies. |
| | D) | to avoid war. |
| | E) | all of the above. |
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| 6.
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The German Schlieffen Plan called for |
| | A) | a quick invasion of Great Britain and destruction of the British navy. |
| | B) | a quick invasion of Russia so that the war would only be fought on one front. |
| | C) | a blockade of France to starve that country into submission. |
| | D) | a swift knockout of France combined with defensive action against Russia. |
| | E) | simultaneous invasions of France, Britain, and Russia with heavy reliance on the navy. |
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| 7.
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Which of the following was not a new military technology used for the first time in World War I? |
| | A) | machine guns. |
| | B) | armored tanks. |
| | C) | airplanes. |
| | D) | poisonous gas. |
| | E) | nuclear submarines. |
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| 8.
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Compared to the western front, fighting on the eastern front was |
| | A) | more fluid, as the Germans made inroads into Russia. |
| | B) | a deadlock, with German and Austrian troops trapped for months in trenches. |
| | C) | more encouraging for the Allies, especially on the Balkan Peninsula. |
| | D) | not as deadly, with far fewer casualties. |
| | E) | over quickly. |
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| 9.
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In World War I, "no man's land" was: |
| | A) | the battle line in Eastern Europe and the Balkans. |
| | B) | the deadly territory between opposing trenches. |
| | C) | the killing field around Verdun. |
| | D) | the German route of invasion through Belgium. |
| | E) | the peninsula of Gallipoli. |
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| 10.
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What effect did World War I have on the status of women? |
| | A) | the demands of total war actually reduced the opportunities for women. |
| | B) | women engaged in combat for the first time. |
| | C) | women in many countries received the vote in the years after the war. |
| | D) | women gained economic status that continued long after the war. |
| | E) | all of the above. |
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| 11.
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The purpose of the Twenty-one Demands was |
| | A) | to demand control of German-held islands in the Pacific. |
| | B) | to reduce China to the status of a Japanese protectorate. |
| | C) | to demand that the British turn over control of Hong Kong. |
| | D) | to reduce Korea to the status of a Japanese protectorate. |
| | E) | all of the above. |
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| 12.
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The Battle of Gallipoli was significant in that |
| | A) | it sounded the death-knell of the Ottoman Empire. |
| | B) | it demonstrated that the British navy was no match for German dreadnoughts. |
| | C) | this decisive battle finally broke the stalemate on the western front. |
| | D) | this British-directed debacle cost the lives of many Canadian, Australian, and New Zealand troops. |
| | E) | it demonstrated that, after the arrival of American troops, the Allies would win the war. |
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| 13.
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"Ten days that shook the world" is a reference to |
| | A) | the Paris settlement of the Great War |
| | B) | the debacle at Gallipoli |
| | C) | the German thrust toward Paris in August 1914 |
| | D) | the Russian Revolution in October 1917. |
| | E) | days in August leading up to the outbreak of the Great War. |
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| 14.
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In addition to fighting off Allied forces, the Ottoman Empire faced insurrection from |
| | A) | the Arabs. |
| | B) | the Egyptians. |
| | C) | the Greeks. |
| | D) | the Serbs. |
| | E) | the Turks. |
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| 15.
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Tsar Nicholas II was forced to abdicate when |
| | A) | Bolsheviks stormed the Winter Palace. |
| | B) | an assassination attempt revealed that his family was in danger. |
| | C) | troops garrisoned in the capital mutinied. |
| | D) | German forces seized the Ukraine. |
| | E) | all of the above. |
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| 16.
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The provisional government lost the support of many Russians because it |
| | A) | continued to use the police apparatus of the tsar. |
| | B) | continued policies that discriminated against minorities. |
| | C) | denied Russians the right to free speech and free press. |
| | D) | promised to continue the war to victory. |
| | E) | launched an all-out attack on the workers' soviets. |
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| 17.
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Although he called himself a Marxist, Lenin, unlike Marx, believed that |
| | A) | the revolution would be led by rural peasants, not industrial workers. |
| | B) | the revolution would be led by a small, highly disciplined party acting on behalf of the workers. |
| | C) | the revolution would be led by the intelligentsia acting on behalf of all Russia people. |
| | D) | the revolution would not succeed until Russian workers were joined by workers all over the world. |
| | E) | the revolution could not succeed if it alienated the church and the military. |
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| 18.
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A key factor in the U.S. decision to enter World War I was |
| | A) | its long-standing friendship with Great Britain. |
| | B) | the U.S. desire to acquire German colonies in the Pacific. |
| | C) | American prejudice against German immigrants. |
| | D) | the political ambition of Woodrow Wilson. |
| | E) | Germany's resumption of unrestricted submarine warfare against the United States. |
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| 19.
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At the Paris Peace Conference, |
| | A) | the Allies agreed to let ethnic self-determination set the boundaries of the Middle East. |
| | B) | Britain and France were determined to strip Germany of military power. |
| | C) | Russia was forced to cede much of Manchuria to Japan. |
| | D) | Woodrow Wilson gained acceptance of his Fourteen Points. |
| | E) | all of the above. |
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| 20.
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Which of the following statements about the League of Nations is not true? |
| | A) | It was conceived by Woodrow Wilson. |
| | B) | It was rejected by the U.S. Congress. |
| | C) | It was designed to solve international disputes through arbitration. |
| | D) | It had no power to enforce its decisions. |
| | E) | It was dominated by the countries of Europe. |
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