| archaeology | The study of our human past, combining the themes of time and change, using the material remains that have survived.
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| biological anthropology | The study of the biological nature of our nearest relatives and ourselves.
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| cultural (social) anthropology | The study of living peoples with a focus on the shared aspects of the human experience.
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| linguistics | The study of human languages.
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| anthropological archaeology | Archaeological investigations that seek to answer the larger, fundamental questions about humans and human behavior taught in departments of anthropology.
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| prehistory | The time in the past before written history, often synonymous with archaeology.
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| historical archaeology | Refers primarily to the archaeology of the civilizations of the recent industrial era, since 1700 or so.
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| classical archaeology | A branch of archaeology primarily concerned with the literate Mediterranean civilizations of Greece and Rome.
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| cultural resource management (CRM) | Historical preservation in the United States involves survey and excavation to determine that historical and cultural resources are not being destroyed by development and construction.
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| pseudoscience | False or misleading claims about the nature of the world or the past, masquerading as science.
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| theory | A generally accepted explanation of observed events or relationships.
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| punctuated equilibrium | Abrupt and sudden changes in the pace of evolution.
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