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| 1 | |
Self-esteem includes: |
| | A) | ranking self against others. |
| | B) | campaigning for oneself. |
| | C) | reaching out to parents. |
| | D) | dominating the playground. |
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| 2 | |
Exposure to violence may lead to __________. |
| | A) | temporary upset |
| | B) | clear signs of Post Traumatic Stress Disorder. |
| | C) | aggressive behavior |
| | D) | all of the above |
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| 3 | |
A critical age for early signs of emerging delinquency is ____________. |
| | A) | 3 to 6 years of age |
| | B) | 7 to 12 years of age |
| | C) | 13 to 15 years of age |
| | D) | 16 to 19 years of age |
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| 4 | |
All of following behaviors, when exhibited at age 3, can be early indicators of future violence, EXCEPT: |
| | A) | disobedience |
| | B) | defiance |
| | C) | aggression towards peers |
| | D) | frequent crying |
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| 5 | |
Chronic offenders have been found to display how many developmental pathways? |
| | A) | one |
| | B) | two |
| | C) | three |
| | D) | four |
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| 6 | |
All of the following influence delinquency, EXCEPT: |
| | A) | Genetics |
| | B) | Gender |
| | C) | Geography |
| | D) | Attitudes |
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| 7 | |
Mischel and Mischel's study of impulsivity found that: |
| | A) | 4-year-old children that have had difficulty restraining from playing with toys were more social. |
| | B) | 4-year-olds who delayed gratification in the experiment were worse in athletic activities. |
| | C) | there was no correlation between impulsiveness at age 4 and behavioral or psychological difficulties in adolescence. |
| | D) | 4-year-olds who exhibited impulsiveness had poorer school performance in elementary and high school. |
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| 8 | |
Ronnie is 4 years old. With regard to social perspective thinking, which description of friendship is typical of Ronnie's age group? |
| | A) | friendship depends on someone doing what a child wants, or a child does what another wants |
| | B) | friendship depends on physical closeness |
| | C) | friendship depends on an open and flexible relationship to satisfy complex needs |
| | D) | friendship depends on a "meeting of the minds." |
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| 9 | |
Rutter's studies of the school's effect on intellectual development concluded that: |
| | A) | the differences between the schools wereas due to size, age of buildings, and the space available. |
| | B) | skillful use of rewards, punishment, and a comfortable warm classroom environment, as well as the teacher's' insistence on student responsibility for behavior, contributes to the effectiveness of the school. |
| | C) | good instructive leadership is critical, involving principals, teachers, parents, and students in agreement on goals, methods, and content. |
| | D) | B and C |
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| 10 | |
Findings from the Kaiser Ffamily Foundation sStudy indicated that children aged 2 to 18 years old averaged _______ per day of watching TV, outside of school. |
| | A) | 2 hours |
| | B) | 3 hours |
| | C) | 4 hours |
| | D) | 6 hours |
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| 11 | |
Steyer found that children learn what from violence on television? |
| | A) | That violence is an it is acceptable instrument to achieve goals |
| | B) | That violence is unacceptable among peers |
| | C) | That violence is never acceptable |
| | D) | That violence results in detrimental consequences |
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| 12 | |
Strasburger and Donnerstein estimated that children view how many acts of violence per year? |
| | A) | 1,000-3,000 |
| | B) | 5,000-10,000 |
| | C) | 10,000-15,000 |
| | D) | 15,000-20,000 |
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| 13 | |
All of the following influence stress reactions in middle childhood, EXCEPT: |
| | A) | gender |
| | B) | age |
| | C) | temperament |
| | D) | ethnicity |
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| 14 | |
The authors describe resilient children as: |
| | A) | children who developed serious learning and behavior problems after exposure to poverty, divorce, mental illness, alcoholism, and abuse during early childhood. |
| | B) | children who exhibit self-regulation, are able to adapt to changes in their environment, and despite their problems, can self-protect from hostile surroundings, and reach out for support. |
| | C) | coping with their problems by imitating the coping mechanisms of family members and peers. |
| | D) | those whom, despite poor self-esteem and low intelligence, are still able to progress through stages of development adequately. |
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| 15 | |
The development of _________ becomes a key element in a child's cognitive and psychosocial success. |
| | A) | age appropriate social skills |
| | B) | intelligence |
| | C) | coping skills |
| | D) | self control |
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