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| 1 | In a Go-Back-N ARQ, if the window size is 63, what is the range of sequence numbers? |
 | A) | 0 to 63 |
| B) | 0 to 64 |
| C) | 1 to 63 |
| D) | 1 to 64 |
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| 2 | In Go-Back-N ARQ, if frames 4, 5, and 6 are received successfully, the receiver may send an ACK _______ to the sender. |
| A) | 5 |
| B) | 6 |
| C) | 7 |
| D) | any of the above |
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| 3 | ARQ stands for _______. |
| A) | Automatic repeat quantization |
| B) | Automatic repeat request |
| C) | Automatic retransmission request |
| D) | Acknowledge repeat request |
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| 4 | For Stop-and-Wait ARQ, for 10 data packets sent, _______ acknowledgments are needed. |
| A) | exactly 10 |
| B) | less than 10 |
| C) | more than 10 |
| D) | none of the above |
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| 5 | HDLC is an acronym for _______. |
| A) | High-duplex line communication |
| B) | High-level data link control |
| C) | Half-duplex digital link combination |
| D) | Host double-level circuit |
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| 6 | Data link control deals with the design and procedures for ______ communication. |
| A) | node-to-node |
| B) | host-to-host |
| C) | process-to-process |
| D) | none of the above |
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| 7 | _______ in the data link layer separates a message from one source to a destination, or from other messages going from other sources to other destinations. |
| A) | Digitizing |
| B) | Controlling |
| C) | Framing |
| D) | none of the above |
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| 8 | In _______ framing, there is no need for defining the boundaries of frames. |
| A) | fixed-size |
| B) | variable-size |
| C) | standard |
| D) | none of the above |
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| 9 | In ________ framing, we need a delimiter (flag) to define the boundary of two frames. |
| A) | fixed-size |
| B) | variable-size |
| C) | standard |
| D) | none of the above |
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| 10 | _________framing uses two categories of protocols: character-oriented and bit-oriented. |
| A) | Fixed-size |
| B) | Variable-size |
| C) | Standard |
| D) | None of the above |
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| 11 | In a ________ protocol, the data section of a frame is a sequence of characters. |
| A) | bit-oriented |
| B) | character-oriented |
| C) | either (a) or (b) |
| D) | none of the above |
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| 12 | In a _________ protocol, the data section of a frame is a sequence of bits. |
| A) | byte-oriented |
| B) | bit-oriented |
| C) | either (a) or (b) |
| D) | none of the above |
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| 13 | In _________ protocols, we use ________. |
| A) | character-oriented; byte stuffing |
| B) | character-oriented; bit stuffing |
| C) | bit-oriented; character stuffing |
| D) | none of the above |
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| 14 | Byte stuffing means adding a special byte to the data section of the frame when there is a character with the same pattern as the ______. |
| A) | header |
| B) | trailer |
| C) | flag |
| D) | none of the above |
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| 15 | In ________ protocols, we use ________. |
| A) | byte-oriented; bit stuffing |
| B) | character-oriented; bit stuffing |
| C) | bit-oriented; bit stuffing |
| D) | none of the above |
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| 16 | Bit stuffing means adding an extra 0 to the data section of the frame when there is a sequence of bits with the same pattern as the ________. |
| A) | header |
| B) | trailer |
| C) | flag |
| D) | none of the above |
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| 17 | _______ control refers to a set of procedures used to restrict the amount of data that the sender can send before waiting for acknowledgment. |
| A) | Flow |
| B) | Error |
| C) | Transmission |
| D) | none of the above |
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| 18 | ______ control refers to methods of error detection and correction. |
| A) | Flow |
| B) | Error |
| C) | Transmission |
| D) | none of the above |
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| 19 | The Simplest Protocol and the Stop-and-Wait Protocol are for ______ channels. |
| A) | noisy |
| B) | noiseless |
| C) | either (a) or (b) |
| D) | neither (a) nor (b) |
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| 20 | The Stop-And-Wait ARQ, Go-Back-N ARQ, and the Selective Repeat ARQ are for ______ channels. |
| A) | noisy |
| B) | noiseless |
| C) | either (a) or (b) |
| D) | neither (a) nor (b) |
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| 21 | The ____ Protocol has neither flow nor error control. |
| A) | Stop-and-Wait |
| B) | Simplest |
| C) | Go-Back-N ARQ |
| D) | Selective-Repeat ARQ |
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| 22 | The _______Protocol has flow control, but not error control. |
| A) | Stop-and-Wait |
| B) | Simplest |
| C) | Go-Back-N ARQ |
| D) | Selective-Repeat ARQ |
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| 23 | The _______Protocol has both flow control and error control. |
| A) | Stop-and-Wait |
| B) | Go-Back-N ARQ |
| C) | Selective-Repeat ARQ |
| D) | both (b) and (c) |
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| 24 | In the _____ Protocol, the sender sends its frames one after another with no regard to the receiver. |
| A) | Stop-and-Wait |
| B) | Simplest |
| C) | Go-Back-N ARQ |
| D) | Selective-Repeat ARQ |
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| 25 | In the _____ Protocol, the sender sends one frame, stops until it receives confirmation from the receiver, and then sends the next frame. |
| A) | Stop-and-Wait |
| B) | Simplest |
| C) | Go-Back-N ARQ |
| D) | Selective-Repeat ARQ |
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| 26 | The _________Protocol, adds a simple error control mechanism to the _______Protocol. |
| A) | Stop-and-Wait ARQ; Stop-and-Wait |
| B) | Go-Back-N ARQ; Stop-and-Wait |
| C) | Selective Repeat ARQ; Go-Back-N ARQ |
| D) | none of the above |
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| 27 | In the _________Protocol, if no acknowledgment for a frame has arrived, we resend all outstanding frames. |
| A) | Stop-and-Wait ARQ |
| B) | Go-Back-N ARQ |
| C) | Selective-Repeat ARQ |
| D) | none of the above |
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| 28 | In the _________ protocol we avoid unnecessary transmission by sending only frames that are corrupted. |
| A) | Stop-and-Wait ARQ |
| B) | Go-Back-N ARQ |
| C) | Selective-Repeat ARQ |
| D) | none of the above |
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| 29 | Both Go-Back-N and Selective-Repeat Protocols use a _________. |
| A) | sliding frame |
| B) | sliding window |
| C) | sliding packet |
| D) | none of the above |
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| 30 | In Go-Back-N ARQ, if 5 is the number of bits for the sequence number, then the maximum size of the send window must be _____ |
| A) | 15 |
| B) | 16 |
| C) | 31 |
| D) | 1 |
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| 31 | In Go-Back-N ARQ, if 5 is the number of bits for the sequence number, then the maximum size of the receive window must be _____ |
| A) | 15 |
| B) | 16 |
| C) | 31 |
| D) | 1 |
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| 32 | In Selective Repeat ARQ, if 5 is the number of bits for the sequence number, then the maximum size of the send window must be _____ |
| A) | 15 |
| B) | 16 |
| C) | 31 |
| D) | 1 |
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| 33 | In Selective Repeat ARQ, if 5 is the number of bits for the sequence number, then the maximum size of the receive window must be _____ |
| A) | 15 |
| B) | 16 |
| C) | 31 |
| D) | 1 |
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| 34 | High-level Data Link Control (HDLC) is a _______ protocol for communication over point-to-point and multipoint links. |
| A) | bit-oriented |
| B) | byte-oriented |
| C) | character-oriented |
| D) | none of the above |
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| 35 | The most common protocol for point-to-point access is the Point-to-Point Protocol (PPP), which is a _________protocol. |
| A) | bit-oriented |
| B) | byte-oriented |
| C) | character-oriented |
| D) | none of the above |
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| 36 | _______ control refers to a set of procedures used to restrict the amount of data that the sender can send before waiting for acknowledgment. |
| A) | Flow |
| B) | Error |
| C) | Transmission |
| D) | none of the above |
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| 37 | _________control in the data link layer is based on automatic repeat request, which is the retransmission of data. |
| A) | Flow |
| B) | Error |
| C) | Transmission |
| D) | none of the above |
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| 38 | In Stop-and-Wait ARQ, we use sequence numbers to number the frames. The sequence numbers are based on __________arithmetic. |
| A) | modulo-2 |
| B) | modulo-4 |
| C) | modulo-m |
| D) | none of the above |
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| 39 | In Stop-and-Wait ARQ, the acknowledgment number always announces in ______ arithmetic the sequence number of the next frame expected. |
| A) | modulo-2 |
| B) | modulo-4 |
| C) | modulo-m |
| D) | none of the above |
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| 40 | In the Go-Back-N Protocol, if the size of the sequence number field is 8, the sequence numbers are in ________ arithmetic, |
| A) | modulo-2 |
| B) | modulo- 8 |
| C) | modulo-256 |
| D) | none of the above |
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| 41 | Stop-and-Wait ARQ is a special case of Go-Back-N ARQ in which the size of the send window is 1. |
| A) | 2 |
| B) | 1 |
| C) | 8 |
| D) | none of the above |
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| 42 | In _________, the station configuration is unbalanced. We have one primary station and multiple secondary stations. |
| A) | ABM |
| B) | NRM |
| C) | ARM |
| D) | NBM |
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| 43 | In _________, the configuration is balanced. The link is point-to-point, and each station can function as a primary and a secondary. |
| A) | ABM |
| B) | NRM |
| C) | ARM |
| D) | NBM |
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| 44 | In PPP, the ________ is responsible for establishing, maintaining, configuring, and terminating links. |
| A) | NCP |
| B) | LCP |
| C) | CHAP |
| D) | PAP |
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| 45 | In PPP, ________ is a simple authentication procedure with a two-step process: |
| A) | NCP |
| B) | LCP |
| C) | CHAP |
| D) | PAP |
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| 46 | In PPP, _______ is a three-way hand-shaking authentication protocol in which the password is kept secret; it is never sent online. |
| A) | NCP |
| B) | LCP |
| C) | CHAP |
| D) | PAP |