 |
| 1 | |
As a child, Adler had an intense rivalry with |
| | A) | his mother. |
| | B) | his father. |
| | C) | an older brother named Sigmund. |
| | D) | an older sister named Anna. |
|
|
|
| 2 | |
For more than 30 years, Adler carried an invitation from _______ suggesting that these two men should combine with ohter physicians to establish the Wednesday Psychological Scoiety. |
| | A) | Sigmund Freud |
| | B) | Carl Jung |
| | C) | his wife |
| | D) | William James |
|
|
|
| 3 | |
Individual Psychology can be considered to be |
| | A) | deterministic. |
| | B) | optimistic |
| | C) | pessimistic. |
| | D) | neoFreudian. |
| | E) | both b and d. |
|
|
|
| 4 | |
To Adler, the one dynamic force behind a person's activity is |
| | A) | the striving for success or superiority. |
| | B) | organ inferiorities. |
| | C) | organ dialect. |
| | D) | feelings of superiority. |
|
|
|
| 5 | |
According to Adler, a person's final goal is |
| | A) | set at about age 18. |
| | B) | a creation of the creative power. |
| | C) | death. |
| | D) | shaped by heredity and environment. |
|
|
|
| 6 | |
Adler insisted that personality is shaped by |
| | A) | subjective perceptions. |
| | B) | birth-order. |
| | C) | early childhood experiences. |
| | D) | organ inferiorities. |
|
|
|
| 7 | |
According to Adler, iideas that have no real existence yet influence individuals as if they really existed are called |
| | A) | fictions. |
| | B) | fabrications. |
| | C) | hypotheses. |
| | D) | postulates. |
|
|
|
| 8 | |
The doctrine that motivation should be considered according to its final purpose or aim is called |
| | A) | fictional imperative. |
| | B) | Gemeinschaftsgefühl. |
| | C) | causation. |
| | D) | teleology. |
|
|
|
| 9 | |
Alder believed that organ inferiorities |
| | A) | cause superiority personalities. |
| | B) | cause inferiority personalities. |
| | C) | bestow meaning and purpose on all behavior. |
| | D) | stimulate feelings of inferiority. |
|
|
|
| 10 | |
Gemeinschaftsgefühl is usually translated as |
| | A) | style of life. |
| | B) | fictional finalism. |
| | C) | social interest. |
| | D) | organ inferiority. |
|
|
|
| 11 | |
According to Adler ______, the "sole criterion of human values" would be |
| | A) | social interest. |
| | B) | productive work. |
| | C) | self-interest. |
| | D) | religion. |
|
|
|
| 12 | |
A person's final goal is ultimately shaped by |
| | A) | heredity. |
| | B) | early childhood experiences. |
| | C) | the superego |
| | D) | the creative power. |
|
|
|
| 13 | |
People strive toward superiority through one of two paths. One is the route of social interest; the other is the road of |
| | A) | success. |
| | B) | individuation. |
| | C) | exaggerated personal gain. |
| | D) | submission. |
|
|
|
| 14 | |
Adler held that people are continually pushed by the need to overcome inferiority feelings and pulled by the desire for |
| | A) | love. |
| | B) | Gemeinschaftsgefühl |
| | C) | food and sex. |
| | D) | completion. |
|
|
|
| 15 | |
To Adler, the core of maladjustment is |
| | A) | innate physical deficiencies. |
| | B) | lack of social interest. |
| | C) | a pampered style of life. |
| | D) | a neglected style of life. |
|
|
|
| 16 | |
Early recollections are |
| | A) | easily verified by talking to parents or older siblings. |
| | B) | keys to understanding one's present style of life. |
| | C) | usually unpleasant and traumatic. |
| | D) | the cause of one's style of life. |
|
|
|
| 17 | |
According to Adler, the creative power |
| | A) | usually leads to outstanding accomplishments. |
| | B) | shapes one's style of life. |
| | C) | is a deterministic concept. |
| | D) | is secondary to heredity and environment in shaping personality. |
|
|
|
| 18 | |
Adler believed that the goals of a patological person |
| | A) | are exaggerated and unrealistic. |
| | B) | are easily reached. |
| | C) | both a and b. |
| | D) | neither a nor b. |
|
|
|
| 19 | |
Pampered children |
| | A) | frequently feel neglected. |
| | B) | have received too much love. |
| | C) | become productive contributions to society. |
| | D) | none of the above. |
|
|
|
| 20 | |
Adlerian safeguarding tendencies are |
| | A) | sometimes conscious and sometimes unconscious. |
| | B) | completely conscious. |
| | C) | completely unconscious. |
| | D) | used only by neurotics. |
|
|
|
| 21 | |
Safeguarding tendencies protect exaggerated feelings of superiority against |
| | A) | anxiety. |
| | B) | guilt. |
| | C) | public disgrace. |
| | D) | an uncontrollable id. |
|
|
|
| 22 | |
Compared with Freud, Adler |
| | A) | had a more positive view toward women. |
| | B) | placed more emphasis on aggression. |
| | C) | relied more on dream interpretation during psychotherapy. |
| | D) | was more likely to use hypnosis to treat patients. |
|
|
|
| 23 | |
Style of life is most reliably revealed by |
| | A) | the word association test. |
| | B) | hypnosis. |
| | C) | dream interpretation. |
| | D) | early recollections. |
|
|
|
| 24 | |
According to Adler, dreams |
| | A) | can be interpreted only by the dreamer. |
| | B) | express childhood sexual fantasies. |
| | C) | provide information for dealing with future problems. |
| | D) | can foretell the future. |
|
|
|
| 25 | |
According to Adler, human personality is |
| | A) | the result of the interaction of heredity and environment. |
| | B) | determined by people's experiences with frustration and conflict. |
| | C) | shaped by people's interpretations of experiences. |
| | D) | motivated by a complexity and multiplicity of drives and needs. |
|
|
|
| 26 | |
The ultimate goal of Adlerian therapy is to |
| | A) | reduce needless anxiety. |
| | B) | increase self-confidence. |
| | C) | increase social interest. |
| | D) | decrease safeguarding tendencies. |
|
|
|
| 27 | |
Research suggests that early recollections |
| | A) | may change during the course of psychotherapy. |
| | B) | are not consistent with scores on current personality inventories. |
| | C) | have little or no usefulness to the clinician. |
| | D) | tend to remain unchanged while personality changes. |
|
|
|
| 28 | |
A major weakness of Adler's theory is that it |
| | A) | is not easily falsifiable. |
| | B) | has failed to generate much research. |
| | C) | is anti-Freudian. |
| | D) | cannot explain inconsistencies in behavior. |
|
|
|
| 29 | |
In his concept of humanity, Adler saw people as |
| | A) | destined for a life of conflict and chaos. |
| | B) | being driven by security and safety. |
| | C) | determined mostly by environmental factors. |
| | D) | determined mostly by genetic factors. |
| | E) | none of the above. |
|
|
.