 |
| 1 | |
Eysenck identified traits through the use of |
| | A) | twin studies. |
| | B) | factor analysis. |
| | C) | intuition. |
| | D) | ability tests. |
|
|
|
| 2 | |
A trait is best described as |
| | A) | a cluster of surface factors. |
| | B) | a temporary attitude toward a person or event. |
| | C) | a relatively permanent disposition of a person. |
| | D) | an environmentally determined hypothetical construct that shapes an individual's behavior and thought. |
|
|
|
| 3 | |
Mathematically, the technique of reducing a number of variables to a smaller number is called |
| | A) | induction. |
| | B) | the experimental method. |
| | C) | variance. |
| | D) | factor analysis. |
|
|
|
| 4 | |
Which of the following would be a bipolar trait? |
| | A) | height |
| | B) | extraversion/introversion |
| | C) | general intelligence |
| | D) | artistic interest |
|
|
|
| 5 | |
Which of the following statements is true? |
| | A) | Traits are of two kinds—dispositional and hypothetical. |
| | B) | Traits are more permanent than states. |
| | C) | Traits represent a broader concept than factors. |
| | D) | Traits cannot be extracted through the use of factor analysis. |
|
|
|
| 6 | |
Which label best fits Hans Eysenck? |
| | A) | psychologist |
| | B) | psychoanalyst |
| | C) | physician |
| | D) | sociologist |
|
|
|
| 7 | |
In Eysenck's theory, superfactors are also called |
| | A) | source traits. |
| | B) | personal dispositions. |
| | C) | states. |
| | D) | types |
|
|
|
| 8 | |
According to Eysenck, introverts and extraverts are different in many respects. The most important difference is |
| | A) | psychological health versus psychological disturbance. |
| | B) | subjectivity versus objectivity. |
| | C) | their way of viewing the world. |
| | D) | level of cortical arousal. |
|
|
|
| 9 | |
People who score high on the psychoticism (P) scale are |
| | A) | egocentric, aggressive, and hostile. |
| | B) | empathetic, caring, and cooperative. |
| | C) | obsessive-compulsive, hysterical, and suggestible. |
| | D) | introverted, quiet, and thoughtful. |
|
|
|
| 10 | |
People who score high on the neuroticism (N) scale are |
| | A) | egocentric, aggressive, and hostile. |
| | B) | emotionally overreactive. |
| | C) | suffering from a psychological disorder. |
| | D) | vulnerable to illness even when they experience little stress. |
|
|
|
| 11 | |
According to research reported by Eysenck, sick people who react to their illness with anger and aggression are most likely to die from |
| | A) | cancer. |
| | B) | heart disease. |
| | C) | AIDS. |
| | D) | unintentional injuries (accidents). |
|
|
|
| 12 | |
Eysenck's P factor stands for |
| | A) | psychoticism. |
| | B) | personality. |
| | C) | proactive. |
| | D) | probability. |
|
|
|
| 13 | |
The A in McCrae and Costa's theory stands for |
| | A) | anxiety. |
| | B) | aggression. |
| | C) | agreeableness. |
| | D) | activity. |
|
|
|
| 14 | |
Currently, the Big Five can most accurately be called |
| | A) | a model. |
| | B) | an armchair speculation. |
| | C) | a taxonomy. |
| | D) | a theory. |
|
|
|
| 15 | |
Factor C in the Five-Factor theory is |
| | A) | consistency. |
| | B) | cooperation. |
| | C) | conscientiousness |
| | D) | compromise. |
|
|
|
| 16 | |
People who score low on ______________ tend to be quiet and reserved. |
| | A) | intelligence |
| | B) | psychoticism |
| | C) | compromise |
| | D) | extraversion |
|
|
|
| 17 | |
According to McCrae and Costa, the ultimate contributor to personality is |
| | A) | biology. |
| | B) | self-concept. |
| | C) | childhood experience. |
| | D) | the ability to adapt to new experiences. |
|
|
|
| 18 | |
A person's view of what he or she is like is _____. |
| | A) | self-concept. |
| | B) | objective biology. |
| | C) | external influences. |
| | D) | characteristic adaptations. |
|
|
|
| 19 | |
According to McCrae and Costa, the Big Five factors comprise a person's |
| | A) | characteristics adaptations. |
| | B) | objective biography. |
| | C) | basic tendencies. |
| | D) | external influences. |
|
|
|
| 20 | |
The theories of McCrae and Costa and of Eysenck rate |
| | A) | high on biological determinants of personality. |
| | B) | high on teleology. |
| | C) | low on their ability to generate research. |
| | D) | high on free will vs. determinism. |
|
|
.