After reading this chapter and analyzing the content, it is assumed that you can:

1. Discuss how the characteristic differences between aquatic and terrestrial environments influenced the evolution of tetrapods.
   
   
2. Describe the different modes of respiration used by amphibians.
   
   
3. Describe the supposed sequence of the evolution of the tetrapod limb.
   
   
4. Compare the general life–history patterns of salamanders with those of frogs.
   
   
5. Briefly discuss the characteristics and habitat of the Gymnophiona.
   
   
6. Compare and contrast the orders Urodela and Anura.
   
   
7. Explain the importance of paedomorphosis in the evolutionary diversification of salamanders.
   
   
8. Describe the integument of a frog.
   
   
9. Describe amphibian circulation.
   
   
10. Explain how the forebrain, midbrain, hindbrain, and sensory structures have developed to meet sensory requirements for amphibian life on land.
    
    
11. Briefly compare and contrast reproductive behavior in frogs and salamanders.