After reading this chapter and analyzing the content, it is assumed that you can:

1. Discuss the evolution of mammals, tracing their synapsid lineage from early amniote ancestors to true mammals.
   
   
2. Describe structural and functional adaptations that appeared in early amniotes that foreshadowed the mammalian body plan.
   
   
3. Describe the location and principal functions of sweat glands (eccrine and apocrine), scent glands, sebaceous glands, and mammary glands.
   
   
4. Define "diphyodont" and "herodont" and explain why both terms apply to mammalian dentition.
   
   
5. Explain the relationship between body mass and metabolic rate in mammals.
   
   
6. Describe and distinguish patterns of reproduction in monotremes, marsupials, and placental mammals.
   
   
7. Distinguish between territory and home range for mammals.
   
   
8. Relate the differences between density–dependent and density–independent causes of fluctuations of the size of mammalian populations.
   
   
9. List the anatomical characteristics that set primates apart from other mammals.
   
   
10. Discuss the significance of the discovery of the fossil named "Lucy" in the reconstruction of human evolutionary history.
    
    
11. How do the genera Australopithecus and Homo differ.
    
    
12. Describe the different species of Homo.
    
    
13. Identify major attributes that make humans unique in animal evolution.