After reading this chapter and analyzing the content, it is assumed that you can:

1. List and describe examples of chemical innate defense mechanisms.
   
   
2. Relate how the complement system operates.
   
   
3. Name some important phagocytes in vertebrates and describe how they operate.
   
   
4. Compare and contrast characteristics of innate and acquired immunity.
   
   
5. Discuss the molecular basis of self and nonself recognition in vertebrates.
   
   
6. Compare and contrast T cells and B cells.
   
   
7. Discuss some of the functions of cytokines.
   
   
8. Describe the sequence of events in a humoral immune response beginning with the encounter of an antigen to the production of antibody.
   
   
9. Relate the functions of CD4 and CD8 proteins on the T cell surface
   
   
10. List the consequences of activation of the T_H1 and T_H2 arm of the immune response.
    
    
11. Distinquish between class I and class II MHC proteins.
    
    
12. Summarize the events associated with the inflammatory response.
    
    
13. Describe what happens when a person with type A blood receives type B, AB, or O blood in a transfusion.