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| 1.
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At the end of the twentieth century, approximately what percent of the nation's 100 most populous counties had public defender programs? |
| | A) | 25 |
| | B) | 50 |
| | C) | 75 |
| | D) | 90 |
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| 2.
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Which of the following federal courts are courts of original jurisdiction where most violations of federal criminal and civil law are first adjudicated? |
| | A) | district courts |
| | B) | magistrate courts |
| | C) | circuit courts |
| | D) | superior courts |
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| 3.
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How many U.S. District Courts are there today? |
| | A) | 13 |
| | B) | 35 |
| | C) | 52 |
| | D) | 94 |
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| 4.
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In which of the following cases would the federal courts not have subject matter jurisdiction? |
| | A) | cases that involve federal law |
| | B) | treaties with foreign nations |
| | C) | interpretations of the U.S. Constitution |
| | D) | federal courts would have subject matter jurisdiction in all of these cases |
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| 5.
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Which courts were created in 1891 as a means of reducing the case burden of the U.S. Supreme Court? |
| | A) | courts of appeals |
| | B) | district courts |
| | C) | superior courts |
| | D) | courts of common pleas |
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| 6.
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How many U.S. Circuit Courts of Appeal are there today? |
| | A) | 4 |
| | B) | 13 |
| | C) | 52 |
| | D) | 94 |
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| 7.
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How many justices sit on the U.S. Supreme Court? |
| | A) | 3 |
| | B) | 6 |
| | C) | 9 |
| | D) | 12 |
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| 8.
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Which of the following state courts has the authority to try all cases, both criminal and civil? |
| | A) | supreme court |
| | B) | trial courts of limited jurisdiction |
| | C) | trial courts of general jurisdiction |
| | D) | appellate courts |
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| 9.
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Which of the following generally is NOT a responsibility of lower state courts? |
| | A) | to hear the formal charges against persons accused of felonies |
| | B) | to set bail |
| | C) | to appoint counsel for indigent defendants |
| | D) | all of the above are responsibilities |
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| 10.
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Which of the following is a goal that courts try to achieve? |
| | A) | punishment |
| | B) | deterrence |
| | C) | retribution |
| | D) | all of the above |
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| 11.
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Who is considered the most powerful figure in the administration of justice? |
| | A) | the prosecutor |
| | B) | the defense attorney |
| | C) | the judge |
| | D) | the bailiff |
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| 12.
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In what percent of all felony arrests do prosecutors, in most cities, refuse to formally charge a person? |
| | A) | 5 |
| | B) | 25 |
| | C) | 50 |
| | D) | 75 |
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| 13.
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What is the most frequent reason given by prosecutors for not prosecuting cases? |
| | A) | insufficient evidence |
| | B) | the offense did not cause sufficient harm |
| | C) | victim's refusal to testify |
| | D) | humanitarian considerations concerning the welfare of the victim or the offender |
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| 14.
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About what percent of all convictions in felony cases are the result of guilty pleas? |
| | A) | 25 |
| | B) | 50 |
| | C) | 75 |
| | D) | 95 |
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| 15.
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Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of judges in the U.S.? |
| | A) | they are overwhelmingly white |
| | B) | they are overwhelmingly male |
| | C) | they generally come from upper-middle-class backgrounds |
| | D) | they generally are Catholics or Jews |
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| 16.
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Approximately what percent of all persons arrested are eliminated because of the powerful "funneling" or "screening process" that takes place in the administration of justice? |
| | A) | 5 |
| | B) | 25 |
| | C) | 50 |
| | D) | 75 |
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| 17.
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Which of the following is the correct order? |
| | A) | arrest, booking, initial appearance, preliminary hearing |
| | B) | initial appearance, arrest, preliminary hearing, booking |
| | C) | preliminary hearing, initial appearance, booking, arrest |
| | D) | arrest, initial appearance, booking, preliminary hearing |
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| 18.
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Which of the following is the correct order? |
| | A) | trial, information, sentencing, arraignment |
| | B) | arraignment, trial, information, sentencing |
| | C) | information, trial, arraignment, sentencing |
| | D) | information, arraignment, trial, sentencing |
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| 19.
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Which of the following is NOT a charging document? |
| | A) | a complaint |
| | B) | a booking |
| | C) | an information |
| | D) | a grand jury indictment |
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| 20.
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When does a criminal suspect become a criminal defendant? |
| | A) | after an arrest |
| | B) | after booking |
| | C) | after charges have been filed |
| | D) | after arraignment |
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| 21.
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After which of the following stages in the criminal justice process may bail be set and granted? |
| | A) | arrest |
| | B) | initial appearance |
| | C) | arraignment |
| | D) | all of the above |
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| 22.
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Generally, how much would a professional bondsperson collect for posting a $5,000 bond? |
| | A) | $50 |
| | B) | $500 |
| | C) | $1,000 |
| | D) | $2,500 |
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| 23.
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Which of the following generally is the most important factor in the type of plea bargain a prosecutor is willing to make? |
| | A) | seriousness of the offense |
| | B) | prior criminal record |
| | C) | strength of the case |
| | D) | victims' wishes |
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| 24.
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Approximately what percent of criminal cases are disposed of through jury trials? |
| | A) | 5 |
| | B) | 10 |
| | C) | 30 |
| | D) | 50 |
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| 25.
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What is the traditional number of jurors in a criminal trial? |
| | A) | 6 |
| | B) | 12 |
| | C) | 15 |
| | D) | 18 |
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